PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
New subgroups of psychiatric disorders are often claimed. In contrast, classification systems have repeatedly had to abandon established subgroups such as paranoid vs. disorganised and catatonic schizophrenia due to lack of empirical evidence. Four criteria are proposed that should be met to claim valid subgroups: 1. distinct distribution of the defining characteristic between groups; 2. significant differences in variables other than those defining the subgroups cross-sectionally and longitudinally; 3. long-term stability; 4. significant differences between groups in aetiology, pathophysiology, and evidence-based therapy. In contrast to examples from somatic medicine, such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes, few psychiatric disorders meet these requirements.
摘要：
经常声称新的精神疾病亚组。相比之下,分类系统一再不得不放弃已建立的亚组，如偏执狂与由于缺乏经验证据，无组织和紧张性精神分裂症。提出了要求有效分组应满足的四个标准：1。群体之间定义特征的不同分布;2.除跨截面和纵向定义亚组的变量外，变量的显着差异；3.长期稳定性;4.两组之间在病因上有显著差异，病理生理学,和循证治疗。与躯体医学的例子相反，比如1型和2型糖尿病，很少有精神疾病符合这些要求。
