PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) poses a significant threat to farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), leading to high mortality rates during the seawater phase. Given that controlled experimental challenge trials with PMCV do not reproduce the mortality observed in severe field outbreaks of CMS, field trials on natural CMS outbreaks are warranted. This field study explored the impact of a clinical nutrition intervention, specifically a diet enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on a severe CMS outbreak in a commercial sea farm. CMS was diagnosed in a single sea cage with high mortality rates. Histopathological analysis, RT-qPCR in situ hybridization for virus detection, and fatty acid composition analysis were used to monitor the impact of disease and the inclusion of EPA and DHA in heart tissue. Following the implementation of clinical nutrition, a decline in mortality rates, regression of CMS-associated changes, and a significant reduction in piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV) RNA load were observed within the salmon population. Fatty acid composition analysis of heart samples demonstrated increased levels of EPA and DHA, reinforcing the association between dietary factors, viral load dynamics, and overall fish health. Although further validation is needed in future studies, as field trials may not be sufficient to establish causation, our results indicate that optimizing the EPA + DHA levels may prove beneficial in severe CMS outbreaks.
摘要：
心肌病综合征（CMS）对养殖的大西洋鲑鱼（Salmosalar）构成重大威胁，导致海水阶段的高死亡率。鉴于使用PMCV进行的对照实验攻击试验无法重现在CMS的严重野外爆发中观察到的死亡率，有必要对自然CMS爆发进行现场试验。这项实地研究探讨了临床营养干预的影响，特别是富含二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的饮食，在一个商业海洋农场爆发了严重的CMS。在单个海笼中诊断出CMS，死亡率很高。组织病理学分析,RT-qPCR原位杂交检测病毒,和脂肪酸组成分析用于监测疾病的影响以及心脏组织中EPA和DHA的包含。随着临床营养的实施，死亡率下降，CMS相关变化的回归，并且在鲑鱼种群中观察到猪心肌炎病毒（PMCV）RNA载量的显着减少。心脏样本的脂肪酸组成分析表明EPA和DHA水平升高，加强饮食因素之间的联系，病毒载量动态，和整体鱼类健康。尽管在未来的研究中需要进一步验证，因为现场审判可能不足以确定因果关系，我们的结果表明,优化EPA+DHA水平可能对严重CMS暴发有益.
