PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Degradable polymers (both biomacromolecules and several synthetic polymers) for biomedical applications have been promising very much in the recent past due to their low cost, biocompatibility, flexibility, and minimal side effects. Here, we present an overview with updated information on natural and synthetic degradable polymers where a brief account on different polysaccharides, proteins, and synthetic polymers viz. polyesters/polyamino acids/polyanhydrides/polyphosphazenes/polyurethanes relevant to biomedical applications has been provided. The various approaches for the transformation of these polymers by physical/chemical means viz. cross-linking, as polyblends, nanocomposites/hybrid composites, interpenetrating complexes, interpolymer/polyion complexes, functionalization, polymer conjugates, and block and graft copolymers, are described. The degradation mechanism, drug loading profiles, and toxicological aspects of polymeric nanoparticles formed are also defined. Biomedical applications of these degradable polymer-based biomaterials in and as wound dressing/healing, biosensors, drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine, etc., are highlighted. In addition, the use of such nano systems to solve current drug delivery problems is briefly reviewed.
摘要：
可降解聚合物（生物大分子和几种合成聚合物）在生物医学应用中由于其低成本而在最近的过去非常有希望。生物相容性，灵活性,和最小的副作用。这里,我们提供了关于天然和合成可降解聚合物的最新信息的概述，其中简要介绍了不同的多糖，蛋白质，和合成聚合物。已经提供了与生物医学应用相关的聚酯/聚氨基酸/聚酐/聚磷腈/聚氨酯。通过物理/化学手段转化这些聚合物的各种方法。交联,作为共混物，纳米复合材料/混合复合材料，互穿复合物，互聚物/聚离子络合物，功能化，聚合物共轭物,以及嵌段和接枝共聚物，被描述。降解机制，药物装载概况,和形成的聚合物纳米颗粒的毒理学方面也被定义。这些可降解聚合物基生物材料在伤口敷料/愈合中的生物医学应用，生物传感器，药物输送系统，组织工程,和再生医学，等。,被突出显示。此外,简要回顾了使用这种纳米系统来解决当前的药物输送问题。
