PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Improving sweet-waxy corn hybrids enriched in carotenoids via a hybrid breeding approach may provide an alternative cash crop for growers and provide health benefits for consumers. This study estimates the combining ability and heterosis of sweet-waxy corn hybrids for yield-related traits and carotenoids. Eight super sweet corn and three waxy corn lines were crossed to generate 24 F1 hybrids according to the North Carolina Design II scheme, and these hybrids were evaluated across two seasons of 2021/22. The results showed that both additive and non-additive genetic effects were involved in expressing the traits, but the additive genetic effect was more predominant. Most observed traits exhibited moderate to high narrow-sense heritability. Three parental lines, namely the ILS2 and ILS7 females and the ILW1 male, showed the highest positive GCA effects on yield-related traits, making them desirable for developing high-yielding hybrids. Meanwhile, five parental lines, namely the ILS3, ILS5, and ILS7 females and the ILW1 and ILW2 males, were favorable general combiners for high carotenoids. A tested hybrid, ILS2 × ILW1, was a candidate biofortified sweet-waxy corn hybrid possessing high yields and carotenoids. Heterosis and per se performance were more positively correlated with GCAsum than SCA, indicating that GCAsum can predict heterosis for improving biofortified sweet-waxy corn hybrid enriched in carotenoids. The breeding strategies of biofortified sweet-waxy corn hybrids with high yield and carotenoid content are discussed.
摘要：
通过杂交育种方法改善富含类胡萝卜素的甜蜡玉米杂种可以为种植者提供替代经济作物并为消费者提供健康益处。本研究估计了甜蜡玉米杂交种的产量相关性状和类胡萝卜素的结合能力和杂种优势。根据北卡罗来纳州设计II方案，将八个超甜玉米和三个糯玉米品系杂交以产生24个F1杂种，这些杂种在2021/22年的两个季节进行了评估。结果表明,性状的表达涉及加性和非加性两种遗传效应,但加性遗传效应更为明显。大多数观察到的性状表现出中等至高的狭义遗传力。三条父母线，即ILS2和ILS7女性和ILW1男性，对产量相关性状表现出最高的GCA正效应，使它们成为开发高产杂种的理想选择。同时,五条家长线，即ILS3、ILS5和ILS7女性以及ILW1和ILW2男性，是高类胡萝卜素的有利一般组合物。经过测试的混合动力车，ILS2×ILW1是一种候选的生物强化甜蜡玉米杂种，具有高产率和类胡萝卜素。杂种优势和本身表现与GCAsum的正相关程度高于SCA，表明GCAsum可以预测杂种优势，以改善富含类胡萝卜素的生物强化甜蜡玉米杂交种。讨论了高产量和类胡萝卜素含量的生物强化甜蜡玉米杂交种的育种策略。
