PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a widely used herbicide worldwide and is frequently found in water samples. This knowledge has prompted studies on its effects on non-target organisms, revealing significant alterations to liver structure and function. In this review, we evaluated the literature on the hepatotoxicity of 2,4-D, focusing on morphological damages, toxicity biomarkers and affected liver functions. Searches were conducted on PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus and 83 articles were selected after curation. Among these studies, 72% used in vivo models and 30% used in vitro models. Additionally, 48% used the active ingredient, and 35% used commercial formulations in exposure experiments. The most affected biomarkers were related to a decrease in antioxidant capacity through alterations in the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and the levels of malondialdehyde. Changes in energy metabolism, lipids, liver function, and xenobiotic metabolism were also identified. Furthermore, studies about the effects of 2,4-D in mixtures with other pesticides were found, as well as hepatoprotection trials. The reviewed data indicate the essential role of reduction in antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress in 2,4-D-induced hepatotoxicity. However, the mechanism of action of the herbicide is still not fully understood and further research in this area is necessary.
摘要：
2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸（2,4-D）是世界范围内广泛使用的除草剂，经常在水样中发现。这些知识促使人们研究其对非目标生物的影响，揭示肝脏结构和功能的显著改变。在这次审查中,我们评估了2,4-D肝毒性的文献，专注于形态损伤，毒性生物标志物和影响肝功能。搜索是在PubMed上进行的，经过策展后，选择了WebofScience和Scopus以及83篇文章。在这些研究中,72%使用体内模型，30%使用体外模型。此外,48%的人使用了活性成分，35%的人在暴露实验中使用商业配方。受影响最大的生物标志物与过氧化氢酶活性改变导致抗氧化能力下降有关，超氧化物歧化酶和丙二醛的水平。能量代谢的变化，脂质，肝功能,和外源性生物代谢也被鉴定。此外，关于2,4-D与其他农药混合物的影响的研究被发现，以及肝脏保护试验。综述的数据表明，在2,4-D诱导的肝毒性中，抗氧化能力和氧化应激的降低具有重要作用。然而,除草剂的作用机理仍未完全了解，有必要在这一领域进行进一步的研究。
