PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: To determine if there is a difference in the quantity of microbial flora of the conjunctiva in individuals practicing head submersion (\"dunk\") versus no head submersion (\"no-dunk\") during hot tub use.
UNASSIGNED: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, healthy volunteers aged ≥ 18 years were recruited. Participants were randomized to head submersion versus no head submersion during a 15-minute hot tub soak. Study personnel, masked to the dunk or no-dunk group assignment, obtained conjunctival cultures before and immediately after hot tub use. De-identified specimens were submitted to the clinical microbiology laboratory for culture and analysis. The main outcome measure was the difference in the quantity of organisms cultured from the conjunctiva before and after hot tub exposure, as determined using a defined ordinal scale. A two-tailed Student\'s t-test was performed to compare the total microbial colony counts between the two arms. Simpson\'s diversity was used to measure the changes in organism diversity between the arms.
UNASSIGNED: Of 36 enrolled subjects, 19 were randomly assigned to the dunk and 17 were assigned to the no-dunk groups. Water samples obtained from all hot tubs were culture negative. Eleven of 19 eyes (58%) from the dunk group and eight of 17 eyes (47%) from the no-dunk group had negative conjunctival bacterial cultures before and after hot tub exposure. However, six of 19 eyes (32%) and four of 17 eyes (24%) of the dunk and no-dunk groups, respectively, were culture-positive after, but not before hot tub exposure. The quantity of organisms before and after hot tub exposure was not significantly different between the two arms (P = 0.12). However, the dunk group only showed a small increase in the quantity of organisms after as compared to before hot tub use (P = 0.03). None of the samples from subjects or hot tubs were culture-positive for Acanthamoeba.
UNASSIGNED: Head submersion in a public hot tubs during a 15-minute soak does not appear to change conjunctival flora, as determined by culture plate yield, this does not eliminate the association between hot tub use and devastating and painful corneal blindness. Therefore, our recommendation is to remove contact lenses prior to hot tub use, avoid head submersion in a hot tub, and urgently seek ophthalmological help if any eye pain and/or decrease in vision is experienced after hot tub use.
UNASSIGNED: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, healthy volunteers aged ≥ 18 years were recruited. Participants were randomized to head submersion versus no head submersion during a 15-minute hot tub soak. Study personnel, masked to the dunk or no-dunk group assignment, obtained conjunctival cultures before and immediately after hot tub use. De-identified specimens were submitted to the clinical microbiology laboratory for culture and analysis. The main outcome measure was the difference in the quantity of organisms cultured from the conjunctiva before and after hot tub exposure, as determined using a defined ordinal scale. A two-tailed Student\'s t-test was performed to compare the total microbial colony counts between the two arms. Simpson\'s diversity was used to measure the changes in organism diversity between the arms.
UNASSIGNED: Of 36 enrolled subjects, 19 were randomly assigned to the dunk and 17 were assigned to the no-dunk groups. Water samples obtained from all hot tubs were culture negative. Eleven of 19 eyes (58%) from the dunk group and eight of 17 eyes (47%) from the no-dunk group had negative conjunctival bacterial cultures before and after hot tub exposure. However, six of 19 eyes (32%) and four of 17 eyes (24%) of the dunk and no-dunk groups, respectively, were culture-positive after, but not before hot tub exposure. The quantity of organisms before and after hot tub exposure was not significantly different between the two arms (P = 0.12). However, the dunk group only showed a small increase in the quantity of organisms after as compared to before hot tub use (P = 0.03). None of the samples from subjects or hot tubs were culture-positive for Acanthamoeba.
UNASSIGNED: Head submersion in a public hot tubs during a 15-minute soak does not appear to change conjunctival flora, as determined by culture plate yield, this does not eliminate the association between hot tub use and devastating and painful corneal blindness. Therefore, our recommendation is to remove contact lenses prior to hot tub use, avoid head submersion in a hot tub, and urgently seek ophthalmological help if any eye pain and/or decrease in vision is experienced after hot tub use.
摘要：
■确定在热水浴缸使用期间练习头部浸没（“dunk”）与没有头部浸没（“no-dunk”）的个体中结膜微生物菌群的数量是否存在差异。
■在这项双盲随机临床试验中，纳入年龄≥18岁的健康志愿者.在15分钟的热水浴缸浸泡期间，参与者被随机分为头部浸没和没有头部浸没。研究人员，蒙上了扣篮或非扣篮小组的任务，在使用热水浴缸之前和之后立即获得结膜培养物。将去识别的标本提交给临床微生物学实验室进行培养和分析。主要结果指标是热水浴缸暴露前后结膜培养的生物体数量的差异，使用定义的序数标度确定。进行双尾Studentt检验以比较两个臂之间的总微生物菌落计数。辛普森的多样性被用来测量两臂之间生物多样性的变化。
■在36个注册科目中，19人被随机分配到扣篮组，17人被分配到无扣篮组。从所有热水浴缸获得的水样均为培养阴性。dunk组的19只眼中的11只（58％）和非dunk组的17只眼中的8只（47％）在热水浴缸暴露前后结膜细菌培养呈阴性。然而,扣篮和非扣篮组的19只眼睛中的6只（32％）和17只眼睛中的4只（24％），分别,之后是文化阳性的，但不要在热水浴缸暴露之前。两个臂之间在热水浴缸暴露之前和之后的生物数量没有显着差异（P=0.12）。然而,与使用热水浴缸前相比，灌篮组仅显示出生物数量的少量增加（P=0.03）。来自受试者或热水浴缸的样品均未对棘阿米巴呈培养阳性。
■在15分钟的浸泡过程中，头部浸入公共热水浴缸中似乎不会改变结膜菌群，由培养板产量决定，这并不能消除使用热水浴缸与破坏性和痛苦的角膜失明之间的联系。因此,我们的建议是在使用热水浴缸之前取下隐形眼镜，避免头部浸入热水浴缸，如果使用热水浴缸后出现任何眼痛和/或视力下降，并紧急寻求眼科帮助。
■在这项双盲随机临床试验中，纳入年龄≥18岁的健康志愿者.在15分钟的热水浴缸浸泡期间，参与者被随机分为头部浸没和没有头部浸没。研究人员，蒙上了扣篮或非扣篮小组的任务，在使用热水浴缸之前和之后立即获得结膜培养物。将去识别的标本提交给临床微生物学实验室进行培养和分析。主要结果指标是热水浴缸暴露前后结膜培养的生物体数量的差异，使用定义的序数标度确定。进行双尾Studentt检验以比较两个臂之间的总微生物菌落计数。辛普森的多样性被用来测量两臂之间生物多样性的变化。
■在36个注册科目中，19人被随机分配到扣篮组，17人被分配到无扣篮组。从所有热水浴缸获得的水样均为培养阴性。dunk组的19只眼中的11只（58％）和非dunk组的17只眼中的8只（47％）在热水浴缸暴露前后结膜细菌培养呈阴性。然而,扣篮和非扣篮组的19只眼睛中的6只（32％）和17只眼睛中的4只（24％），分别,之后是文化阳性的，但不要在热水浴缸暴露之前。两个臂之间在热水浴缸暴露之前和之后的生物数量没有显着差异（P=0.12）。然而,与使用热水浴缸前相比，灌篮组仅显示出生物数量的少量增加（P=0.03）。来自受试者或热水浴缸的样品均未对棘阿米巴呈培养阳性。
■在15分钟的浸泡过程中，头部浸入公共热水浴缸中似乎不会改变结膜菌群，由培养板产量决定，这并不能消除使用热水浴缸与破坏性和痛苦的角膜失明之间的联系。因此,我们的建议是在使用热水浴缸之前取下隐形眼镜，避免头部浸入热水浴缸，如果使用热水浴缸后出现任何眼痛和/或视力下降，并紧急寻求眼科帮助。
