Abstract：
Because long-term effectiveness of pollen allergen immune therapy (AIT) for allergic rhinitis (AR) is not well-described, we studied effectiveness over 18 years in Denmark.
A register-based cohort study using data on filled prescriptions, 1995-2016, Denmark. In a cohort of 1.1 million intranasal corticosteroid inhaler users (proxy for AR), we matched users treated with grass, birch or mugwort AIT 1:2 with non-treated users on baseline year and 24 characteristics in the 3 years prior to baseline. The primary outcome was the odds ratio (OR) of using anti-allergic nasal inhaler during the pollen season in the treated versus non-treated group by years since baseline.
Among 7760 AR patients treated with pollen AIT, the OR of using nasal inhaler 0-5 years after baseline was reduced when compared with 15,520 non-treated AR individuals (0-2 years, OR 0.84 (0.81-0.88); 3-5 years, OR 0.88 (0.84-0.92)), but was close to unity or higher thereafter (6-9 years, OR 1.03 (0.97-1.08); 10-18 years, OR 1.18 (1.11-1.26)). In post hoc analyses, results were more consistent for those who already had 3 of 3 baseline years of use, and in patients using nasal inhaler in the latest pollen season (0-2 years, OR 0.76 (0.72-0.79); 3-5 years OR 0.86 (0.81-0.93); 6-9 years, OR 0.94 (0.87-1.02); 10-18 years, OR 0.94 (0.86-1.04)) as opposed to no such use.
Patients treated with pollen AIT in routine care to a higher degree stopped using anti-allergic nasal inhaler 0-5 years after starting the standard 3 years of therapy, and not beyond 5 years. Post hoc analyses suggested effectiveness was more consistent among patients with persistent AR.
A register-based cohort study using data on filled prescriptions, 1995-2016, Denmark. In a cohort of 1.1 million intranasal corticosteroid inhaler users (proxy for AR), we matched users treated with grass, birch or mugwort AIT 1:2 with non-treated users on baseline year and 24 characteristics in the 3 years prior to baseline. The primary outcome was the odds ratio (OR) of using anti-allergic nasal inhaler during the pollen season in the treated versus non-treated group by years since baseline.
Among 7760 AR patients treated with pollen AIT, the OR of using nasal inhaler 0-5 years after baseline was reduced when compared with 15,520 non-treated AR individuals (0-2 years, OR 0.84 (0.81-0.88); 3-5 years, OR 0.88 (0.84-0.92)), but was close to unity or higher thereafter (6-9 years, OR 1.03 (0.97-1.08); 10-18 years, OR 1.18 (1.11-1.26)). In post hoc analyses, results were more consistent for those who already had 3 of 3 baseline years of use, and in patients using nasal inhaler in the latest pollen season (0-2 years, OR 0.76 (0.72-0.79); 3-5 years OR 0.86 (0.81-0.93); 6-9 years, OR 0.94 (0.87-1.02); 10-18 years, OR 0.94 (0.86-1.04)) as opposed to no such use.
Patients treated with pollen AIT in routine care to a higher degree stopped using anti-allergic nasal inhaler 0-5 years after starting the standard 3 years of therapy, and not beyond 5 years. Post hoc analyses suggested effectiveness was more consistent among patients with persistent AR.
摘要：
背景：由于花粉过敏原免疫治疗（AIT）对过敏性鼻炎（AR）的长期有效性没有得到很好的描述，我们在丹麦研究了18年的有效性。
方法：一项基于注册的队列研究，使用有关处方的数据，1995-2016年，丹麦。在110万鼻内皮质类固醇吸入器使用者的队列中（AR的代理），我们匹配用草处理的用户，桦木或艾草AIT1：2，基线年份为未治疗的使用者，基线前3年内有24个特征。主要结果是治疗组与未治疗组的花粉季节使用抗过敏鼻吸入器的比值比（OR）。
结果：在7760例接受花粉AIT治疗的AR患者中，与15,520名未经治疗的AR个体相比，基线后0-5年使用鼻吸入器的OR降低（0-2年，OR0.84（0.81-0.88）；3-5年，或0.88（0.84-0.92）），但此后接近统一或更高(6-9年，OR1.03（0.97-1.08）；10-18年，或1.18（1.11-1.26））。在事后分析中，对于那些已经使用了3个基线年中的3个的人，结果更一致，在最近的花粉季节（0-2年）使用鼻吸入器的患者中，OR0.76（0.72-0.79）；3-5年OR0.86（0.81-0.93）；6-9年，OR0.94（0.87-1.02）；10-18年，OR0.94(0.86-1.04))，而不是没有这样的使用。
结论：在常规护理中接受花粉AIT治疗的患者在开始标准治疗3年后0-5年停止使用抗过敏鼻吸入器，不超过5年。事后分析表明，持续性AR患者的有效性更为一致。
方法：一项基于注册的队列研究，使用有关处方的数据，1995-2016年，丹麦。在110万鼻内皮质类固醇吸入器使用者的队列中（AR的代理），我们匹配用草处理的用户，桦木或艾草AIT1：2，基线年份为未治疗的使用者，基线前3年内有24个特征。主要结果是治疗组与未治疗组的花粉季节使用抗过敏鼻吸入器的比值比（OR）。
结果：在7760例接受花粉AIT治疗的AR患者中，与15,520名未经治疗的AR个体相比，基线后0-5年使用鼻吸入器的OR降低（0-2年，OR0.84（0.81-0.88）；3-5年，或0.88（0.84-0.92）），但此后接近统一或更高(6-9年，OR1.03（0.97-1.08）；10-18年，或1.18（1.11-1.26））。在事后分析中，对于那些已经使用了3个基线年中的3个的人，结果更一致，在最近的花粉季节（0-2年）使用鼻吸入器的患者中，OR0.76（0.72-0.79）；3-5年OR0.86（0.81-0.93）；6-9年，OR0.94（0.87-1.02）；10-18年，OR0.94(0.86-1.04))，而不是没有这样的使用。
结论：在常规护理中接受花粉AIT治疗的患者在开始标准治疗3年后0-5年停止使用抗过敏鼻吸入器，不超过5年。事后分析表明，持续性AR患者的有效性更为一致。
