Abstract：
In arthropods, hematophagy has arisen several times throughout evolution. This specialized feeding behavior offered a highly nutritious diet obtained during blood feeds. On the other hand, blood-sucking arthropods must overcome problems brought on by blood intake and digestion. Host blood complement acts on the bite site and is still active after ingestion, so complement activation is a potential threat to the host\'s skin feeding environment and to the arthropod gut enterocytes. During evolution, blood-sucking arthropods have selected, either in their saliva or gut, anticomplement molecules that inactivate host blood complement. This review presents an overview of the complement system and discusses the arthropod\'s salivary and gut anticomplement molecules studied to date, exploring their mechanism of action and other aspects related to the arthropod-host-pathogen interface. The possible therapeutic applications of arthropod\'s anticomplement molecules are also discussed.
摘要：
在节肢动物中，血液吞噬在整个进化过程中出现了几次。这种特殊的喂养行为提供了在血液喂养过程中获得的高营养饮食。另一方面,吸血节肢动物必须克服血液摄入和消化带来的问题。宿主血液补体作用于咬伤部位，摄入后仍然活跃，因此补体激活对宿主的皮肤摄食环境和节肢动物肠道肠细胞有潜在威胁。在进化过程中,吸血节肢动物选择了，在他们的唾液或肠道中，使宿主血液补体失活的抗补体分子。这篇综述概述了补体系统，并讨论了迄今为止研究的节肢动物的唾液和肠道抗补体分子，探索它们的作用机制以及与节肢动物-宿主-病原体界面相关的其他方面。还讨论了节肢动物抗补体分子的可能治疗应用。
