Abstract：
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in managing leprosy due to a shortage of dermatologists and other healthcare professionals.
METHODS: A total of 100 leprosy patients were divided into experimental (n=50) and control groups (n=50). The intervention included face-to-face counseling by a trained nurse, motivational videos and exercise demonstrations. The control group received standard care. The primary outcome of interest was treatment adherence (Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale); other assessed outcomes included changes in perceived stigma (Stigma Assessment and Reduction of Impact scale), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder seven-item) and quality of life (WHO QOL-BREF Scale) from baseline to week 8.
RESULTS: The intervention group had better treatment adherence (p<0.001). At baseline, moderately severe and severe depression prevalence was 18% and 28%, respectively, and anxiety was 25%, with no intergroup differences. Anxiety significantly decreased in the intervention group (p<0.001), but depression remained similar (p=0.291). Perceived stigma improved notably, especially in disclosure of concern (p<0.001), internal stigma (p<0.001) and anticipated stigma (p<0.001). Quality of life scores improved in the intervention group vs controls.
CONCLUSIONS: Nurse-led interventions effectively enhanced quality of life and treatment adherence and reduced anxiety, depression and perceived stigma among leprosy patients. The study recommends strengthening the capacity of nurses for active involvement in leprosy care.
METHODS: A total of 100 leprosy patients were divided into experimental (n=50) and control groups (n=50). The intervention included face-to-face counseling by a trained nurse, motivational videos and exercise demonstrations. The control group received standard care. The primary outcome of interest was treatment adherence (Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale); other assessed outcomes included changes in perceived stigma (Stigma Assessment and Reduction of Impact scale), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder seven-item) and quality of life (WHO QOL-BREF Scale) from baseline to week 8.
RESULTS: The intervention group had better treatment adherence (p<0.001). At baseline, moderately severe and severe depression prevalence was 18% and 28%, respectively, and anxiety was 25%, with no intergroup differences. Anxiety significantly decreased in the intervention group (p<0.001), but depression remained similar (p=0.291). Perceived stigma improved notably, especially in disclosure of concern (p<0.001), internal stigma (p<0.001) and anticipated stigma (p<0.001). Quality of life scores improved in the intervention group vs controls.
CONCLUSIONS: Nurse-led interventions effectively enhanced quality of life and treatment adherence and reduced anxiety, depression and perceived stigma among leprosy patients. The study recommends strengthening the capacity of nurses for active involvement in leprosy care.
摘要：
背景：这项研究旨在评估由于皮肤科医生和其他医疗保健专业人员短缺而由护士主导的干预措施在管理麻风病方面的有效性。
方法：将100例麻风病患者分为实验组（n=50）和对照组（n=50）。干预措施包括由训练有素的护士进行面对面咨询，励志视频和运动演示。对照组接受标准护理。感兴趣的主要结果是治疗依从性（坚持补充和药物治疗量表）；其他评估结果包括感知污名的变化（污名评估和减少影响量表），抑郁症（患者健康问卷-9），从基线到第8周的焦虑（广泛性焦虑症7项）和生活质量（WHOQOL-BREF量表）。
结果：干预组治疗依从性较好（p<0.001）。在基线,中重度和重度抑郁症患病率分别为18%和28%，分别,焦虑是25%，没有组间差异。干预组焦虑显著降低(p<0.001),但抑郁仍然相似(p=0.291)。感知到的污名显著改善，特别是在披露关注事项方面(p<0.001)，内部柱头（p<0.001）和预期柱头（p<0.001）。与对照组相比，干预组的生活质量评分有所改善。
结论：护士主导的干预措施有效地提高了生活质量和治疗依从性，并减少了焦虑，麻风病人的抑郁和病耻感。该研究建议加强护士积极参与麻风病护理的能力。
方法：将100例麻风病患者分为实验组（n=50）和对照组（n=50）。干预措施包括由训练有素的护士进行面对面咨询，励志视频和运动演示。对照组接受标准护理。感兴趣的主要结果是治疗依从性（坚持补充和药物治疗量表）；其他评估结果包括感知污名的变化（污名评估和减少影响量表），抑郁症（患者健康问卷-9），从基线到第8周的焦虑（广泛性焦虑症7项）和生活质量（WHOQOL-BREF量表）。
结果：干预组治疗依从性较好（p<0.001）。在基线,中重度和重度抑郁症患病率分别为18%和28%，分别,焦虑是25%，没有组间差异。干预组焦虑显著降低(p<0.001),但抑郁仍然相似(p=0.291)。感知到的污名显著改善，特别是在披露关注事项方面(p<0.001)，内部柱头（p<0.001）和预期柱头（p<0.001）。与对照组相比，干预组的生活质量评分有所改善。
结论：护士主导的干预措施有效地提高了生活质量和治疗依从性，并减少了焦虑，麻风病人的抑郁和病耻感。该研究建议加强护士积极参与麻风病护理的能力。
