Abstract：
Other primary headache disorders (OPHD) are under-investigated compared to frequent primary headache types like migraine, tension-type headache, and trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Knowledge of the distribution and characteristics of OPHD subtypes is crucial for their recognition. We aimed to determine the prevalence at the hospital and headache clinics and clinical characteristics of OPHDs in patients from 13 countries.
We analyzed a large dataset from the cross-sectional study Head-MENA-A (Middle East, North Africa, Asia). Consecutive patients over 10 years of age presenting with headaches were included from outpatient, inpatient, and emergency settings. A structured questionnaire addressing demographics, headache characteristics, accompanying symptoms, and triggers was administered. Headache subtypes were diagnosed according to the ICHD-3 criteria.
Among patients complaining of headaches (n = 3722), 106 (2.9%) were diagnosed with OPHD. Fifty-two patients (1.4% of all headache patients) had only OPHD, while 54 (1.5%) had both OPHD and a co-existing primary headache (mostly migraine). All OPHDs were more common in females. The most frequent subtypes were new daily persistent headache and primary stabbing headache (0.2% each among all admitted patients). Photophobia and phonophobia were the most frequent accompanying symptoms, while physical activity (28.8%), stress (15.4%), and the Valsalva maneuver (15.4%) were the most common triggering factors. The majority of triggering factors were more pronounced in patients with both migraine and OPHD.
Other primary headaches are rare and heterogeneous. Their high co-existence with migraine suggests shared predisposing factors, hinting at a \"headache continuum\" concept for primary headaches.
We analyzed a large dataset from the cross-sectional study Head-MENA-A (Middle East, North Africa, Asia). Consecutive patients over 10 years of age presenting with headaches were included from outpatient, inpatient, and emergency settings. A structured questionnaire addressing demographics, headache characteristics, accompanying symptoms, and triggers was administered. Headache subtypes were diagnosed according to the ICHD-3 criteria.
Among patients complaining of headaches (n = 3722), 106 (2.9%) were diagnosed with OPHD. Fifty-two patients (1.4% of all headache patients) had only OPHD, while 54 (1.5%) had both OPHD and a co-existing primary headache (mostly migraine). All OPHDs were more common in females. The most frequent subtypes were new daily persistent headache and primary stabbing headache (0.2% each among all admitted patients). Photophobia and phonophobia were the most frequent accompanying symptoms, while physical activity (28.8%), stress (15.4%), and the Valsalva maneuver (15.4%) were the most common triggering factors. The majority of triggering factors were more pronounced in patients with both migraine and OPHD.
Other primary headaches are rare and heterogeneous. Their high co-existence with migraine suggests shared predisposing factors, hinting at a \"headache continuum\" concept for primary headaches.
摘要：
目的：与偏头痛等常见的原发性头痛类型相比，其他原发性头痛疾病（OPHD）的研究不足。紧张型头痛,和三叉神经自主性头痛.了解OPHD亚型的分布和特征对于识别它们至关重要。我们旨在确定13个国家/地区的OPHD患者在医院和头痛诊所的患病率以及临床特征。
方法：我们分析了横断面研究Head-MENA-A（中东，北非,亚洲）。门诊病人连续10岁以上出现头痛，住院,和紧急设置。一份针对人口统计的结构化问卷，头痛的特点，伴随症状,并进行了触发。根据ICHD-3标准诊断头痛亚型。
结果：在抱怨头痛的患者中（n=3722），106例（2.9%）被诊断为OPHD。52名患者（占所有头痛患者的1.4％）仅患有OPHD，54例(1.5%)同时患有OPHD和原发性头痛(主要是偏头痛).所有OPHD在女性中更常见。最常见的亚型是新的每日持续性头痛和原发性刺伤性头痛（在所有入院患者中各占0.2％）。畏光和畏声是最常见的伴随症状，而体力活动(28.8%)，应力(15.4%)，Valsalva动作(15.4%)是最常见的触发因素。大多数触发因素在偏头痛和OPHD患者中更为明显。
结论：其他原发性头痛是罕见且异质性的。他们与偏头痛的高度共存表明了共同的诱发因素，暗示原发性头痛的“头痛连续体”概念。
方法：我们分析了横断面研究Head-MENA-A（中东，北非,亚洲）。门诊病人连续10岁以上出现头痛，住院,和紧急设置。一份针对人口统计的结构化问卷，头痛的特点，伴随症状,并进行了触发。根据ICHD-3标准诊断头痛亚型。
结果：在抱怨头痛的患者中（n=3722），106例（2.9%）被诊断为OPHD。52名患者（占所有头痛患者的1.4％）仅患有OPHD，54例(1.5%)同时患有OPHD和原发性头痛(主要是偏头痛).所有OPHD在女性中更常见。最常见的亚型是新的每日持续性头痛和原发性刺伤性头痛（在所有入院患者中各占0.2％）。畏光和畏声是最常见的伴随症状，而体力活动(28.8%)，应力(15.4%)，Valsalva动作(15.4%)是最常见的触发因素。大多数触发因素在偏头痛和OPHD患者中更为明显。
结论：其他原发性头痛是罕见且异质性的。他们与偏头痛的高度共存表明了共同的诱发因素，暗示原发性头痛的“头痛连续体”概念。
