Abstract：
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the 10th most common cancer globally with an almost 4 times higher prevalence in men. The main risk factors for development of urothelial carcinoma are advanced age, smoking, arsenic contamination, exposure to carcinogens. Metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) has overall poor prognosis with a 5-year overall survival rate of only < 5%. The standard of care comprises of platinum-based chemotherapy, but the responses are often not sustained. A working group was established with an objective to discuss the most recent clinical data on the genitourinary tumors of interest and comprised of experts across Latin America, Emerging Asia (except China, Japan, and South Korea), Africa, and the Middle East (known as Emerging Markets or EM). There is an evident disparity in terms of uneven mortality and incidence rate distribution among various regions. There is a lack and/or insufficient data on epidemiology, treatment, and outcomes in the EM. The lack of registries impacts the healthcare decisions and the lower incidence from the region might not be reflective of the true disease burden. The treatment outcomes of mUC can be improved by understanding the current disease burden and treatment approach of mUC and identifying the gaps and challenges associated with management. Hence, a literature review was developed to summarize the current disease burden and treatment approach of mUC across EM. The review also highlights the unmet needs for mUC management in EM and suggests a way forward to improve the current situation in order to better serve the patients.
摘要：
尿路上皮癌（UC）是全球第10大最常见的癌症，男性患病率几乎高4倍。高龄是尿路上皮癌发生的主要危险因素,吸烟,砷污染，接触致癌物。转移性尿路上皮癌（mUC）的总体预后较差，5年总体生存率仅<5％。护理标准包括铂类化疗，但反应往往无法持续。成立了一个工作组，目的是讨论有关感兴趣的泌尿生殖系统肿瘤的最新临床数据，该工作组由拉丁美洲的专家组成。新兴亚洲(中国除外，Japan,和韩国)，非洲,和中东(被称为新兴市场或新兴市场)。各地区在死亡率和发病率分布不均方面存在明显差异。流行病学数据缺乏和/或不足，治疗,以及EM中的结果。缺乏登记处会影响医疗保健决策，该地区较低的发病率可能无法反映真正的疾病负担。通过了解mUC的当前疾病负担和治疗方法，并确定与管理相关的差距和挑战，可以改善mUC的治疗结果。因此，本文进行了文献综述,总结了mUC跨EM的当前疾病负担和治疗方法.该综述还强调了EM中mUC管理未满足的需求，并提出了改善现状的方法，以更好地为患者服务。
