PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) or excess in expectant mothers can result in fetal abnormalities such as night blindness, bone anomalies, or epithelial cell problems. In contrast, excessive vitamin A in pregnancy can precipitate fetal central nervous system deformities. During pregnancy, a pregnant woman should monitor her vitamin A intake ensuring she gets the recommended dosage, but also ensuring she doesn\'t exceed the recommended dosage, because either one can result in teratogenicity in the fetus. The widespread and unregulated use of multivitamins and supplements makes consuming doses greater than the recommended quantity more common in developed countries. While vitamin A excess is more common in developed countries, deficiency is most prevalent in developing countries. With proper maintenance, regulation, and education about VAD and excess, a pregnant mother can diminish potential harm to her fetus and potential teratogenic risks.
摘要：
孕妇维生素A缺乏（VAD）或过量会导致胎儿异常，如夜盲症，骨骼异常,或是上皮细胞问题.相比之下,孕期维生素A过多可导致胎儿中枢神经系统畸形。在怀孕期间,孕妇应该监测她的维生素A摄入量，确保她得到推荐的剂量，但也要确保她不超过推荐剂量，因为任何一种都会导致胎儿致畸。多种维生素和补充剂的广泛和不受管制的使用使得消费剂量大于推荐量在发达国家更常见。虽然维生素A过量在发达国家更常见，缺陷在发展中国家最为普遍。通过适当的维护，regulation,以及关于VAD和过度的教育，怀孕的母亲可以减少对胎儿的潜在伤害和潜在的致畸风险。
