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Abstract：
Introduction The uterus is a crucial reproductive organ that is susceptible to the development of several non-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases in women, greatly increasing morbidity and mortality. Although there are various therapeutic options, hysterectomy is still a popular treatment option throughout the world. Abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), prolapse of the uterus, adenomyosis, endometriosis, fibroids, gynecological malignancies, and obstetric problems that require hysterectomy, all samples must be examined histopathologically. Histopathological examination of the specimens obtained after hysterectomy is important for both diagnosis and treatment. The current work aimed to identify the various clinical indications, analyze the clinicopathological correlation in hysterectomy specimens, and analyze the patterns of lesions in hysterectomy specimens. Materials and methods This study was conducted in the Department of Pathology at the Datta Meghe Medical College, Wanadongari, Nagpur, from February 2022 to January 2023. All types of hysterectomy specimens received during this year were examined, and the tissues were processed and stained with H&E. Histopathological examination was performed, and various lesions in the hysterectomy specimens were examined. The study included all forms of hysterectomy, including abdominal, vaginal, laparoscopic, and total abdominal hysterectomy. Results An analysis of 110 cases of hysterectomy revealed that abdominal hysterectomy was the type of hysterectomy in 79 (71.82%) cases, with a maximum age range of 35 to 45 years (42.72%). The proliferative phase endometrium was the most common endometrial pathology, accounting for 43 (39.09%) cases, followed by the atrophic endometrium in 35 (31.82%) cases. Leiomyoma was the most prevalent myometrial lesion, accounting for 52 (47.28%) cases, followed by adenomyosis, accounting for 23 (20.91%) cases. Chronic cervicitis was the most common incidental finding in the hysterectomy samples, accounting for 85 (77.28%) cases. Follicular cysts, representing 22 (20%) cases, were the most common ovarian lesions, followed by serous cystadenoma in seven (6.37%) cases. Two cases of malignant tumors were noted: one case of endometrial carcinoma and one case of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary. In most cases, ranging from 70% to 100%, the final histopathological diagnosis supports the preoperative clinical diagnosis. Conclusion Hysterectomy is the most common major gynecological surgery performed under elective conditions. Although histological studies and clinical diagnoses are closely correlated, several lesions, including chronic cervicitis and adenomyosis, were discovered incidentally. Therefore, every hysterectomy specimen must undergo a thorough histological investigation, even if it appears superficially normal, to confirm the diagnosis and improve postoperative care.
摘要：
子宫是一种重要的生殖器官，易发生多种非肿瘤性和肿瘤性疾病，大大增加发病率和死亡率。虽然有各种各样的治疗选择，子宫切除术仍然是全世界流行的治疗选择。异常子宫出血,盆腔疼痛,盆腔炎(PID),子宫脱垂,子宫腺肌病,子宫内膜异位症,肌瘤,妇科恶性肿瘤,和需要子宫切除术的产科问题，所有样本必须进行组织病理学检查。子宫切除术后获得的标本的组织病理学检查对于诊断和治疗都很重要。目前的工作旨在确定各种临床适应症，分析子宫切除标本的临床病理相关性,并分析子宫切除标本的病变模式。材料和方法本研究是在达塔梅赫医学院病理学系进行的，Wanadongari,那格浦尔,从2022年2月到2023年1月。检查今年接收的所有类型的子宫切除标本，处理组织并用H&E染色进行组织病理学检查，并检查了子宫切除标本中的各种病变。该研究包括所有形式的子宫切除术，包括腹部,阴道,腹腔镜,全腹全子宫切除术。结果对110例子宫切除术的分析显示，腹式子宫切除术是79例（71.82%），最大年龄范围为35至45岁（42.72％）。增生期子宫内膜是最常见的子宫内膜病理，占43例(39.09%)，其次是35例(31.82%)子宫内膜萎缩。平滑肌瘤是最常见的肌层病变，占52例(47.28%)，其次是子宫腺肌病，占23例(20.91%)。慢性宫颈炎是子宫切除术中最常见的偶然发现，占85例(77.28%)。卵泡囊肿,代表22例(20%)，是最常见的卵巢病变，其次是浆液性囊腺瘤7例(6.37%)。注意到恶性肿瘤2例：子宫内膜癌1例，卵巢粘液性囊腺癌1例。在大多数情况下,从70%到100%，最终的组织病理学诊断支持术前临床诊断.结论子宫切除术是择期条件下最常见的妇科大手术。尽管组织学研究和临床诊断密切相关，几个病变，包括慢性宫颈炎和子宫腺肌病,是偶然发现的。因此,每个子宫切除标本都必须经过彻底的组织学检查，即使表面上看起来很正常，明确诊断并改善术后护理。
