Abstract：
Aminophosphonates, like glyphosate (GS) or metal chelators such as ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) (EDTMP), are released on a large scale worldwide. Here, we have characterized a bacterial strain capable of degrading synthetic aminophosphonates. The strain was isolated from LC/MS standard solution. Genome sequencing indicated that the strain belongs to the genus Ochrobactrum. Whole-genome classification using pyANI software to compute a pairwise ANI and other metrics between Brucella assemblies and Ochrobactrum contigs revealed that the bacterial strain is designated as Ochrobactrum sp. BTU1. Degradation batch tests with Ochrobactrum sp. BTU1 and the selected aminophosphonates GS, EDTMP, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), iminodi(methylene-phosphonic) (IDMP) and ethylaminobis(methylenephosphonic) acid (EABMP) showed that the strain can use all phosphonates as sole phosphorus source during phosphorus starvation. The highest growth rate was achieved with AMPA, while EDTMP and GS were least supportive for growth. Proteome analysis revealed that GS degradation is promoted by C-P lyase via the sarcosine pathway, i.e., initial cleavage at the C-P bond. We also identified C-P lyase to be responsible for degradation of EDTMP, EABMP, IDMP and AMPA. However, the identification of the metabolite ethylenediaminetri(methylenephosphonic acid) via LC/MS analysis in the test medium during EDTMP degradation indicates a different initial cleavage step as compared to GS. For EDTMP, it is evident that the initial cleavage occurs at the C-N bond. The detection of different key enzymes at regulated levels, form the bacterial proteoms during EDTMP exposure, further supports this finding. This study illustrates that widely used and structurally more complex aminophosphonates can be degraded by Ochrobactrum sp. BTU1 via the well-known degradation pathways but with different initial cleavage strategy compared to GS.
摘要：
氨基膦酸酯,如草甘膦（GS）或金属螯合剂，如乙二胺四（亚甲基膦酸）（EDTMP），在全球范围内大规模发布。这里,我们已经表征了能够降解合成氨基膦酸酯的细菌菌株。从LC/MS标准溶液中分离菌株。基因组测序表明该菌株属于苍白杆菌属。使用pyANI软件进行全基因组分类，以计算布鲁氏菌装配体和Ochrotrum重叠群之间的成对ANI和其他指标，表明该细菌菌株被指定为Ochrobactrumsp。BTU1.用Ochrobactrumsp。BTU1和所选的氨基膦酸酯GS，EDTMP,氨甲基膦酸(AMPA),亚氨基（亚甲基膦酸）（IDMP）和乙氨基双（亚甲基膦酸）（EABMP）表明，该菌株可以在磷饥饿期间使用所有膦酸酯作为唯一的磷源。最高的增长率是用AMPA实现的，而EDTMP和GS对增长的支持最少。蛋白质组分析表明，C-P裂解酶通过肌氨酸途径促进GS降解，即，C-P键的初始裂解。我们还确定了C-P裂解酶负责降解EDTMP，EABMP,IDMP和AMPA。然而,在EDTMP降解期间在测试介质中通过LC/MS分析鉴定代谢物乙二胺三(亚甲基膦酸)表明与GS相比不同的初始裂解步骤。对于EDTMP，显然,初始裂解发生在C-N键。在调节水平上检测不同的关键酶，在EDTMP暴露期间形成细菌蛋白质，进一步支持这一发现。这项研究表明，广泛使用且结构更复杂的氨基膦酸酯可以被Ochrobactrumsp。降解。BTU1通过众所周知的降解途径，但与GS相比具有不同的初始切割策略。
