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Abstract：
Baculoviruses are viral pathogens that infect different species of Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera, with a global distribution. Due to their biological characteristics and the biotechnological applications derived from these entities, the Baculoviridae family is an important subject of study and manipulation in the natural sciences. With the advent of RNA interference mechanisms, the presence of baculoviral genes that do not code for proteins but instead generate transcripts similar to microRNAs (miRNAs) has been described. These miRNAs are functionally associated with the regulation of gene expression, both in viral and host sequences. This article provides a comprehensive review of miRNA biogenesis, function, and characterization in general, with a specific focus on those identified in baculoviruses. Furthermore, it delves into the specific roles of baculoviral miRNAs in regulating viral and host genes and presents structural and thermodynamic stability studies that are useful for detecting shared characteristics with predictive utility. This review aims to expand our understanding of the baculoviral miRNAome, contributing to improvements in the production of baculovirus-based biopesticides, management of resistance phenomena in pests, enhancement of recombinant protein production systems, and development of diverse and improved BacMam vectors to meet biomedical demands.
摘要：
杆状病毒是感染不同物种的鳞翅目的病毒病原体,双翅目,和膜翅目,全球分布。由于它们的生物学特性和来自这些实体的生物技术应用，杆状病毒科是自然科学中研究和操纵的重要课题。随着RNA干扰机制的出现，已经描述了杆状病毒基因的存在，这些基因不编码蛋白质，而是产生类似于microRNAs（miRNAs）的转录本。这些miRNA在功能上与基因表达的调节相关，病毒和宿主序列。本文对miRNA的生物发生进行了全面的综述,函数,和一般的表征，特别关注杆状病毒中鉴定的那些。此外，它深入研究了杆状病毒miRNAs在调节病毒和宿主基因中的特定作用，并提出了结构和热力学稳定性研究，这些研究可用于检测具有预测性实用性的共同特征。这篇综述旨在扩大我们对杆状病毒miRNAome的理解，有助于改善基于杆状病毒的生物农药的生产，害虫抗性现象的管理，增强重组蛋白生产系统，以及开发多样化和改良的BacMam载体以满足生物医学需求。
