PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Foodborne Diseases (FBDs) are a worldwide problem and occur after contaminated food has been ingested, signaling a lack of food quality. Even though the SARS-CoV-2 virus is not transmitted through food, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused several challenges worldwide that have had direct implications on food production and handling, stimulating and reinforcing the adoption of good manufacturing and food handling practices. The aim of this study was to analyze data on notifications of FBD in Brazil in the years before (2018 and 2019) and during (2020 and 2021) the COVID-19 pandemic. Secondary data from the National System of Notifiable Diseases was analyzed, evaluating: overall incidence rate, lethality and mortality, contamination sites, and criteria for confirming the etiological agent. There were 2206 records of FBDs, and the mortality rate was 0.5% in both periods. The incidence rate before the pandemic was 6.48 and during the pandemic was 3.92, while the mortality coefficient was 0.033 before and 0.019 during the pandemic, both per 100,000 inhabitants. There was no significant difference in the number of FBD notifications in the evaluated periods. There was a migration of the location of FBD, with a significant increase in FBD notifications in hospitals and health units and a reduction in notifications from social events. There was a significant increase in the type of criteria used to confirm outbreaks, with an increase in clinical laboratory tests and clinical reports for bromatology. The increase in notifications in hospitals and health units demonstrates the necessity of improving food safety knowledge and the attitudes and practices of food handlers and healthcare professionals.
摘要：
食源性疾病（FBD）是一个世界性的问题，发生在摄入受污染的食物后，标志着缺乏食品质量。即使SARS-CoV-2病毒不是通过食物传播的，COVID-19大流行在全球范围内造成了一些挑战，这些挑战对粮食生产和处理产生了直接影响，刺激和加强采用良好的制造和食品处理方法。这项研究的目的是分析COVID-19大流行之前（2018年和2019年）和期间（2020年和2021年）巴西FBD通知的数据。分析了国家法定疾病制度的二级数据，评估：总体发病率，致死性和死亡率,污染部位,以及确认病原体的标准。有2206条FBD记录,两个时期的死亡率均为0.5%。大流行前的发病率为6.48,大流行期间的发病率为3.92,大流行前的死亡率系数为0.033,大流行期间的死亡率为0.019,每10万居民。在评估期内，FBD通知的数量没有显着差异。FBD的位置发生了迁移，医院和卫生部门的FBD通知显着增加，社会活动通知减少。用于确认爆发的标准类型显着增加，随着临床实验室检查和临床报告的增加。医院和卫生部门通知的增加表明有必要提高食品安全知识以及食品处理人员和医疗保健专业人员的态度和做法。
