PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Clinical reasoning (CR) is a holistic and recursive cognitive process. It allows nursing students to accurately perceive patients\' situations and choose the best course of action among the available alternatives. This study aimed to identify the randomised controlled trials studies in the literature that concern clinical reasoning in the context of nursing students.
METHODS: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL) was performed to identify relevant studies published up to October 2023. The following inclusion criteria were examined: (a) clinical reasoning, clinical judgment, and critical thinking in nursing students as a primary study aim; (b) articles published for the last eleven years; (c) research conducted between January 2012 and September 2023; (d) articles published only in English and Spanish; and (e) Randomised Clinical Trials. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool was utilised to appraise all included studies.
RESULTS: Fifteen papers were analysed. Based on the teaching strategies used in the articles, two groups have been identified: simulation methods and learning programs. The studies focus on comparing different teaching methodologies.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review has detected different approaches to help nursing students improve their reasoning and decision-making skills. The use of mobile apps, digital simulations, and learning games has a positive impact on the clinical reasoning abilities of nursing students and their motivation. Incorporating new technologies into problem-solving-based learning and decision-making can also enhance nursing students\' reasoning skills. Nursing schools should evaluate their current methods and consider integrating or modifying new technologies and methodologies that can help enhance students\' learning and improve their clinical reasoning and cognitive skills.
METHODS: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL) was performed to identify relevant studies published up to October 2023. The following inclusion criteria were examined: (a) clinical reasoning, clinical judgment, and critical thinking in nursing students as a primary study aim; (b) articles published for the last eleven years; (c) research conducted between January 2012 and September 2023; (d) articles published only in English and Spanish; and (e) Randomised Clinical Trials. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool was utilised to appraise all included studies.
RESULTS: Fifteen papers were analysed. Based on the teaching strategies used in the articles, two groups have been identified: simulation methods and learning programs. The studies focus on comparing different teaching methodologies.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review has detected different approaches to help nursing students improve their reasoning and decision-making skills. The use of mobile apps, digital simulations, and learning games has a positive impact on the clinical reasoning abilities of nursing students and their motivation. Incorporating new technologies into problem-solving-based learning and decision-making can also enhance nursing students\' reasoning skills. Nursing schools should evaluate their current methods and consider integrating or modifying new technologies and methodologies that can help enhance students\' learning and improve their clinical reasoning and cognitive skills.
摘要：
背景：临床推理（CR）是一个整体和递归的认知过程。它使护理学生能够准确地感知患者的情况，并在可用的替代方案中选择最佳的行动方案。这项研究旨在确定文献中涉及护理专业学生的临床推理的随机对照试验研究。
方法：对PubMed的全面搜索，Scopus,Embase,并进行了Cochrane对照试验注册(CENTRAL),以确定截至2023年10月发表的相关研究.检查了以下纳入标准：(A)临床推理，临床判断,将护理专业学生的批判性思维作为主要研究目标;（b）过去十一年发表的文章;（c）2012年1月至2023年9月之间进行的研究;（d）仅以英语和西班牙语发表的文章;（e）随机临床试验。关键评估技能计划工具用于评估所有纳入的研究。
结果：分析了15篇论文。根据文章中使用的教学策略，已经确定了两组：模拟方法和学习计划。研究的重点是比较不同的教学方法。
结论：本系统综述发现了帮助护理专业学生提高推理和决策能力的不同方法。移动应用程序的使用，数字模拟,学习游戏对护生的临床推理能力和动机有积极的影响。将新技术纳入基于问题解决的学习和决策中也可以提高护生的推理能力。护理学校应评估其当前的方法，并考虑整合或修改新技术和方法，以帮助学生提高学习能力并提高其临床推理和认知技能。
方法：对PubMed的全面搜索，Scopus,Embase,并进行了Cochrane对照试验注册(CENTRAL),以确定截至2023年10月发表的相关研究.检查了以下纳入标准：(A)临床推理，临床判断,将护理专业学生的批判性思维作为主要研究目标;（b）过去十一年发表的文章;（c）2012年1月至2023年9月之间进行的研究;（d）仅以英语和西班牙语发表的文章;（e）随机临床试验。关键评估技能计划工具用于评估所有纳入的研究。
结果：分析了15篇论文。根据文章中使用的教学策略，已经确定了两组：模拟方法和学习计划。研究的重点是比较不同的教学方法。
结论：本系统综述发现了帮助护理专业学生提高推理和决策能力的不同方法。移动应用程序的使用，数字模拟,学习游戏对护生的临床推理能力和动机有积极的影响。将新技术纳入基于问题解决的学习和决策中也可以提高护生的推理能力。护理学校应评估其当前的方法，并考虑整合或修改新技术和方法，以帮助学生提高学习能力并提高其临床推理和认知技能。
