Abstract：
Dental caries constitutes one of the most ubiquitous diseases in Australia, with Indigenous children presenting a notably higher prevalence than their non-Indigenous peers. This literature review aims to update the knowledge base developed by Christian and Blinkhorn in 2012, with a particular focus on the contemporary disparities in dental caries between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children. Our research strategy involved a thorough exploration of the Medline, PubMed, and Scopus databases to identify pertinent studies published between 2009 and 2022. Supplementary resources included various government websites and citation searches. We prioritised studies that focused on children aged 5-6 or 12 years-reflecting the World Health Organization\'s index ages for oral health-and that reported dental caries prevalence and experience indicators. Our review methodology was guided by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. The updated search, spanning 2009 to 2023, retrieved studies that reported caries estimates exclusively from 2009 to 2014. Within this period, the prevalence of dental caries in Indigenous children\'s primary teeth ranged between 52% and 77%, while the prevalence in permanent teeth varied from 36% to 60%. This updated review indicated that Indigenous children continue to experience caries at an approximately twice higher rate than non-Indigenous children, sustaining the persisting disparity in caries estimates. The findings from this review show that no discernible improvement in dental caries rates among Australian Indigenous children has been observed in comparison to the previous review; and that Indigenous children continue to experience both higher prevalence and severity of dental caries compared to non-Indigenous children.
摘要：
龋齿是澳大利亚最普遍的疾病之一，土著儿童的患病率明显高于非土著儿童。这篇文献综述旨在更新Christian和Blinkhorn在2012年开发的知识库，特别关注土著和非土著儿童之间龋齿的当代差异。我们的研究策略涉及对Medline的彻底探索，PubMed,和Scopus数据库，以确定2009年至2022年发表的相关研究。补充资源包括各种政府网站和引文搜索。我们优先考虑以5-6岁或12岁儿童为重点的研究，这些研究反映了世界卫生组织的口腔健康指数年龄，并报告了龋齿患病率和经验指标。我们的审查方法以PRISMA（系统审查和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）声明为指导。更新的搜索，2009年至2023年，检索了仅报告2009年至2014年龋齿估计的研究。在此期间,土著儿童乳牙的龋齿患病率在52%至77%之间，而恒牙的患病率从36%到60%不等。这项最新的审查表明，土著儿童患龋齿的比率仍然比非土著儿童高出大约两倍，维持龋齿估计的持续差距。这项审查的结果表明，与以前的审查相比，澳大利亚土著儿童的龋齿率没有明显的改善；与非土著儿童相比，土著儿童的龋齿患病率和严重程度继续更高。
