PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of numerous viruses of global health significance. The term \"vector competence\" describes the intrinsic ability of an arthropod vector to transmit an infectious agent. Prior to transmission, the mosquito itself presents a complex and hostile environment through which a virus must transit to ensure propagation and transmission to the next host. Viruses imbibed in an infectious blood meal must pass in and out of the mosquito midgut, traffic through the body cavity or hemocoel, invade the salivary glands, and be expelled with the saliva when the vector takes a subsequent blood meal. Viruses encounter physical, cellular, microbial, and immunological barriers, which are influenced by the genetic background of the mosquito vector as well as environmental conditions. Collectively, these factors place significant selective pressure on the virus that impact its evolution and transmission. Here, we provide an overview of the current state of the field in understanding the mosquito-specific factors that underpin vector competence and how each of these mechanisms may influence virus evolution.
摘要：
蚊子负责传播许多具有全球健康意义的病毒。术语“媒介能力”描述了节肢动物媒介传播传染因子的内在能力。在传输之前,蚊子本身是一个复杂而敌对的环境，病毒必须通过这个环境传播，以确保传播和传播到下一个宿主。感染血粉中的病毒必须进出蚊子的中肠，通过体腔或血液的交通，侵入唾液腺，并在病媒随后吸血时被唾液排出。病毒遇到物理，细胞，微生物，和免疫障碍，受蚊子媒介的遗传背景以及环境条件的影响。总的来说，这些因素对影响其进化和传播的病毒施加了巨大的选择性压力。这里,我们概述了该领域的现状，以了解支持媒介能力的蚊子特异性因素，以及这些机制中的每一种可能影响病毒进化。
