PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Allergic rhinitis is the most common allergic disease. It can accompany psychological disorders such as tic disorders due to the prolonged course of the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. This pioneer case-control study aims to investigate tic disorders in children and adolescents under 18 years of age diagnosed with allergic rhinitis.
The case group in this study consisted of patients who had both allergic rhinitis and tic disorders. Patients with allergic rhinitis without tic disorders were also enrolled as the control group with matched gender and age. Demographic characteristics, tic classifications, and contributing factors for allergic rhinitis and tic disorders were studied among the cases. Tic disorders were evaluated using DSM-5 criteria for the classification of tic disorders.
47 patients in the case group and 47 patients in the control group were included in this study. 53.2% and 46.8% were males and females in the case group, respectively. The mean age of the patients was 10.46 ± 3.97 years old. Sound tics were more common among the patients compared to motor tics. Patients with concomitant AR and tic disorders had more days per week with AR symptoms (P-value ≤ 0.001; OR (every day vs. three days a week = 11.02(2.98, 40.76))). Most patients with sound tick were women (p: 0.026), and most patients with motion tic were in the Provisional tic disorder group (p: 0.001). The history of infantile eczema was seen more in patients without sound tic (p: 0.025), and otitis media was significantly less common among patients with sound tics (p: 0.026). Provisional tic disorder was the most common class among the patients. In the case group (coexistence between allergic rhinitis and tic) compared to the control group, patients had significantly more days with AR symptoms per week.
This preliminary study indicates that Provisional tic disorder was the most common classification of tic among patients with allergic rhinitis, especially in patients with motor tics. Asthma in motor tics, a history of food allergy in infancy, and a history of infantile eczema were also common among patients with vocal tics. Also, patients with allergic rhinitis and tic had more severe disease (more symptoms per week) than those with rhinitis alone. These findings emphasize the association of tic disorders with immunological pathways.
The case group in this study consisted of patients who had both allergic rhinitis and tic disorders. Patients with allergic rhinitis without tic disorders were also enrolled as the control group with matched gender and age. Demographic characteristics, tic classifications, and contributing factors for allergic rhinitis and tic disorders were studied among the cases. Tic disorders were evaluated using DSM-5 criteria for the classification of tic disorders.
47 patients in the case group and 47 patients in the control group were included in this study. 53.2% and 46.8% were males and females in the case group, respectively. The mean age of the patients was 10.46 ± 3.97 years old. Sound tics were more common among the patients compared to motor tics. Patients with concomitant AR and tic disorders had more days per week with AR symptoms (P-value ≤ 0.001; OR (every day vs. three days a week = 11.02(2.98, 40.76))). Most patients with sound tick were women (p: 0.026), and most patients with motion tic were in the Provisional tic disorder group (p: 0.001). The history of infantile eczema was seen more in patients without sound tic (p: 0.025), and otitis media was significantly less common among patients with sound tics (p: 0.026). Provisional tic disorder was the most common class among the patients. In the case group (coexistence between allergic rhinitis and tic) compared to the control group, patients had significantly more days with AR symptoms per week.
This preliminary study indicates that Provisional tic disorder was the most common classification of tic among patients with allergic rhinitis, especially in patients with motor tics. Asthma in motor tics, a history of food allergy in infancy, and a history of infantile eczema were also common among patients with vocal tics. Also, patients with allergic rhinitis and tic had more severe disease (more symptoms per week) than those with rhinitis alone. These findings emphasize the association of tic disorders with immunological pathways.
摘要：
背景：过敏性鼻炎是最常见的过敏性疾病。由于过敏性鼻炎症状的延长过程，它可以伴随心理障碍，例如抽动障碍。这项开创性的病例对照研究旨在调查被诊断为过敏性鼻炎的18岁以下儿童和青少年的抽动障碍。
方法：本研究的病例组由同时患有过敏性鼻炎和抽动障碍的患者组成。没有抽动障碍的过敏性鼻炎患者也被纳入对照组，其性别和年龄相匹配。人口特征，tic分类，并研究了变应性鼻炎和抽动障碍的影响因素。使用DSM-5标准对抽动障碍进行分类评估。
结果：本研究包括病例组47例患者和对照组47例患者。病例组中男性和女性分别占53.2%和46.8%,分别。患者的平均年龄为10.46±3.97岁。与运动抽动相比，声音抽动在患者中更为常见。伴有AR和抽动障碍的患者每周有更多的AR症状（P值≤0.001；OR（每天与一周三天=11.02(2.98,40.76))。大多数患有音蜱的患者是女性（p：0.026），大多数运动性抽动患者属于临时抽动障碍组（p：0.001）。婴儿湿疹的病史在没有声音抽动的患者中更多（p：0.025），和中耳炎在有声音的患者中明显不常见(p:0.026)。临时抽动障碍是患者中最常见的类别。在病例组（过敏性鼻炎和抽动共存）与对照组相比，患者每周出现AR症状的天数明显增多.
结论：这项初步研究表明，暂时性抽动障碍是过敏性鼻炎患者中最常见的抽动分类，尤其是运动抽搐患者。运动性抽动中的哮喘，婴儿期食物过敏史,婴儿湿疹的病史在声带抽搐患者中也很常见。此外，与单纯鼻炎患者相比,过敏性鼻炎和抽动患者的病情更为严重(每周症状更多).这些发现强调抽动障碍与免疫途径的关联。
方法：本研究的病例组由同时患有过敏性鼻炎和抽动障碍的患者组成。没有抽动障碍的过敏性鼻炎患者也被纳入对照组，其性别和年龄相匹配。人口特征，tic分类，并研究了变应性鼻炎和抽动障碍的影响因素。使用DSM-5标准对抽动障碍进行分类评估。
结果：本研究包括病例组47例患者和对照组47例患者。病例组中男性和女性分别占53.2%和46.8%,分别。患者的平均年龄为10.46±3.97岁。与运动抽动相比，声音抽动在患者中更为常见。伴有AR和抽动障碍的患者每周有更多的AR症状（P值≤0.001；OR（每天与一周三天=11.02(2.98,40.76))。大多数患有音蜱的患者是女性（p：0.026），大多数运动性抽动患者属于临时抽动障碍组（p：0.001）。婴儿湿疹的病史在没有声音抽动的患者中更多（p：0.025），和中耳炎在有声音的患者中明显不常见(p:0.026)。临时抽动障碍是患者中最常见的类别。在病例组（过敏性鼻炎和抽动共存）与对照组相比，患者每周出现AR症状的天数明显增多.
结论：这项初步研究表明，暂时性抽动障碍是过敏性鼻炎患者中最常见的抽动分类，尤其是运动抽搐患者。运动性抽动中的哮喘，婴儿期食物过敏史,婴儿湿疹的病史在声带抽搐患者中也很常见。此外，与单纯鼻炎患者相比,过敏性鼻炎和抽动患者的病情更为严重(每周症状更多).这些发现强调抽动障碍与免疫途径的关联。
