PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This narrative review delves into the intricate landscape of liver diseases, providing a comprehensive background of the diverse conditions that afflict this vital organ. Liver diseases, ranging from viral hepatitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), pose significant global health challenges. Understanding these diseases\' multifaceted origins and progression is pivotal for developing effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The epidemiology and etiology of liver diseases emphasize the global impact of viral hepatitis, with hepatitis B and C as significant contributors. Concurrently, the rising prevalence of NAFLD, linked to lifestyle factors and metabolic syndrome, underscores the intricate relationship between modern living and liver health. Chronic liver diseases often evolve insidiously, progressing from inflammation to fibrosis and, ultimately, to cirrhosis - a stage characterized by irreversible scarring and compromised function. The heightened risk of HCC in advanced liver disease stages further underscores the urgency of effective diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. The evolving landscape of non-invasive diagnostic tools is explored for their role in enabling early detection and accurate staging of liver diseases. In the realm of treatment, there is a continuous transition toward personalized medicine, customized to suit the unique profiles of individual patients. This shift encompasses a broad spectrum, ranging from personalized pharmacological interventions to lifestyle modifications and surgical options. Delving into innovative therapies, such as gene editing and immunomodulation, offers a glimpse into the promising future directions that have the potential to redefine the landscape of liver disease diagnosis and treatment.
摘要：
这篇叙述性评论深入探讨了肝脏疾病的复杂景观，提供影响这个重要器官的各种条件的全面背景。肝脏疾病,从病毒性肝炎和非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）到肝硬化和肝细胞癌（HCC），带来重大的全球卫生挑战。了解这些疾病的多方面起源和进展对于制定有效的诊断和治疗策略至关重要。肝病的流行病学和病因学强调病毒性肝炎的全球影响，乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎是重要的贡献者。同时,NAFLD患病率上升，与生活方式因素和代谢综合征有关，强调了现代生活和肝脏健康之间的复杂关系。慢性肝病通常会阴险地发展，从炎症发展到纤维化，最终,肝硬化-以不可逆的瘢痕形成和功能受损为特征的阶段。晚期肝病阶段HCC的风险增加进一步强调了有效诊断和治疗干预措施的紧迫性。探索了非侵入性诊断工具的不断发展的景观，因为它们在早期发现和准确分期肝病中的作用。在治疗领域，不断向个性化医疗过渡，定制以适应个体患者的独特概况。这种转变涵盖了广泛的范围，从个性化的药物干预到生活方式的改变和手术选择。深入研究创新疗法，如基因编辑和免疫调节，提供了一个有希望的未来方向，有可能重新定义肝脏疾病诊断和治疗的景观。
