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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Diabetes is an important factor in the development of penile inflammation. We studied whether type 2 diabetes (DM), with/without hypertension and hyperlipidemia increased the risk of circumcision among men aged between 30 and 69 using a population-based dataset in Taiwan during a 5-year follow-up period.
METHODS: The research data in this study were obtained from Taiwan\'s National Health Insurance Research Database between 1997 and 2010. We identified 23,197 patients who had a new diagnosis of DM and randomly matched 115,985 subjects as controls. We observed whether circumcision was the treatment after a new DM diagnosis. The initial step involved analyzing the data using Poisson regression analysis. To address potential confounding factors, this study employed propensity score matching based on three variables. Additionally, a Cox regression with a Gamma frailty was utilized to compare outcomes between different groups.
RESULTS: Poisson regression analysis showed that DM (RR = 1.75, 95CI = 0.10 ~ 1.22), but not hypertension (RR = 1.14, 95CI=-0.44 ~ 0.70), hyperlipidemia (RR = 0.94, 95CI=-0.66 ~ 0.53), or age (RR = 0.83, 95CI=-0.43 ~ 0.62), had an impact on circumcision treatment. Cox regression with a frailty model found that DM was a risk factor associated with circumcision (HR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.74 ~ 3.06, p-value < 0.01), whereas no significant difference was noted between circumcision and hypertension (HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.80 ~ 1.51), hyperlipidemia (HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.79 ~ 1.40), or age (HR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.99 ~ 1.02).
CONCLUSIONS: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, but not hypertension, hyperlipidemia or age increases the risk of circumcision in men aged between 30 and 69 years.
METHODS: The research data in this study were obtained from Taiwan\'s National Health Insurance Research Database between 1997 and 2010. We identified 23,197 patients who had a new diagnosis of DM and randomly matched 115,985 subjects as controls. We observed whether circumcision was the treatment after a new DM diagnosis. The initial step involved analyzing the data using Poisson regression analysis. To address potential confounding factors, this study employed propensity score matching based on three variables. Additionally, a Cox regression with a Gamma frailty was utilized to compare outcomes between different groups.
RESULTS: Poisson regression analysis showed that DM (RR = 1.75, 95CI = 0.10 ~ 1.22), but not hypertension (RR = 1.14, 95CI=-0.44 ~ 0.70), hyperlipidemia (RR = 0.94, 95CI=-0.66 ~ 0.53), or age (RR = 0.83, 95CI=-0.43 ~ 0.62), had an impact on circumcision treatment. Cox regression with a frailty model found that DM was a risk factor associated with circumcision (HR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.74 ~ 3.06, p-value < 0.01), whereas no significant difference was noted between circumcision and hypertension (HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.80 ~ 1.51), hyperlipidemia (HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.79 ~ 1.40), or age (HR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.99 ~ 1.02).
CONCLUSIONS: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, but not hypertension, hyperlipidemia or age increases the risk of circumcision in men aged between 30 and 69 years.
摘要：
背景：糖尿病是阴茎炎症发展的重要因素。我们研究了2型糖尿病（DM），在台湾5年随访期间,使用基于人群的数据集,有/无高血压和高脂血症会增加30~69岁男性的包皮环切风险.
方法：本研究的研究数据来自台湾1997年至2010年的国民健康保险研究数据库。我们确定了23,197名新诊断为DM的患者，并随机匹配115,985名受试者作为对照。我们观察了包皮环切术是否是新的DM诊断后的治疗方法。初始步骤涉及使用泊松回归分析来分析数据。为了解决潜在的混杂因素，本研究采用基于三个变量的倾向评分匹配法.此外,a采用带有Gamma虚弱的Cox回归比较不同组的结局.
结果:泊松回归分析显示DM(RR=1.75,95CI=0.10~1.22),但不是高血压（RR=1.14，95CI=-0.44~0.70），高脂血症（RR=0.94，95CI=-0.66~0.53），或年龄(RR=0.83，95CI=-0.43~0.62)，对包皮环切术治疗有影响。Cox回归模型发现DM是包皮环切的危险因素(HR=2.31,95%CI=1.74~3.06,p值<0.01),而包皮环切术和高血压之间没有显着差异（HR=1.10，95％CI=0.80〜1.51），高脂血症(HR=1.05,95%CI=0.79~1.40),或年龄（HR=1.00，95%CI=0.99~1.02）。
结论：2型糖尿病，但不是高血压，高脂血症或年龄增加30至69岁男性的包皮环切风险。
方法：本研究的研究数据来自台湾1997年至2010年的国民健康保险研究数据库。我们确定了23,197名新诊断为DM的患者，并随机匹配115,985名受试者作为对照。我们观察了包皮环切术是否是新的DM诊断后的治疗方法。初始步骤涉及使用泊松回归分析来分析数据。为了解决潜在的混杂因素，本研究采用基于三个变量的倾向评分匹配法.此外,a采用带有Gamma虚弱的Cox回归比较不同组的结局.
结果:泊松回归分析显示DM(RR=1.75,95CI=0.10~1.22),但不是高血压（RR=1.14，95CI=-0.44~0.70），高脂血症（RR=0.94，95CI=-0.66~0.53），或年龄(RR=0.83，95CI=-0.43~0.62)，对包皮环切术治疗有影响。Cox回归模型发现DM是包皮环切的危险因素(HR=2.31,95%CI=1.74~3.06,p值<0.01),而包皮环切术和高血压之间没有显着差异（HR=1.10，95％CI=0.80〜1.51），高脂血症(HR=1.05,95%CI=0.79~1.40),或年龄（HR=1.00，95%CI=0.99~1.02）。
结论：2型糖尿病，但不是高血压，高脂血症或年龄增加30至69岁男性的包皮环切风险。
