Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Carnosine, a naturally occurring dipeptide, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-glycating effects, with preliminary evidence suggesting it may improve important chronic disease risk factors in adults with cardiometabolic conditions.
RESULTS: In this randomised controlled trial, 43 adults (30%F) living with prediabetes or T2DM consumed carnosine (2 g) or a matching placebo daily for 14 weeks to evaluate its effect on glucose metabolism assessed via a 2-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Secondary outcomes included body composition analysis by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), calf muscle density by pQCT, and anthropometry. Carnosine supplementation decreased blood glucose at 90 min (-1.31 mmol/L; p = 0.02) and 120 min (-1.60 mmol/L, p = 0.02) and total glucose area under the curve (-3.30 mmol/L; p = 0.04) following an oral glucose tolerance test. There were no additional changes in secondary outcomes. The carnosine group results remained significant before and after adjustment for age, sex, and change in weight (all>0.05), and in further sensitivity analyses accounting for missing data. There were no significant changes in insulin levels.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides preliminary support for larger trials evaluating carnosine as a potential treatment for prediabetes and the initial stages of T2DM. Likely mechanisms may include changes to hepatic glucose output explaining the observed reduction in blood glucose without changes in insulin secretion following carnosine supplementation.
RESULTS: In this randomised controlled trial, 43 adults (30%F) living with prediabetes or T2DM consumed carnosine (2 g) or a matching placebo daily for 14 weeks to evaluate its effect on glucose metabolism assessed via a 2-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Secondary outcomes included body composition analysis by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), calf muscle density by pQCT, and anthropometry. Carnosine supplementation decreased blood glucose at 90 min (-1.31 mmol/L; p = 0.02) and 120 min (-1.60 mmol/L, p = 0.02) and total glucose area under the curve (-3.30 mmol/L; p = 0.04) following an oral glucose tolerance test. There were no additional changes in secondary outcomes. The carnosine group results remained significant before and after adjustment for age, sex, and change in weight (all>0.05), and in further sensitivity analyses accounting for missing data. There were no significant changes in insulin levels.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides preliminary support for larger trials evaluating carnosine as a potential treatment for prediabetes and the initial stages of T2DM. Likely mechanisms may include changes to hepatic glucose output explaining the observed reduction in blood glucose without changes in insulin secretion following carnosine supplementation.
摘要：
目的：2型糖尿病（T2DM）是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因。肌肽,一种天然存在的二肽，具有抗炎作用,抗氧化剂，和抗糖化作用，初步证据表明，它可能会改善患有心脏代谢疾病的成年人的重要慢性疾病危险因素。
结果：在这项随机对照试验中，患有前驱糖尿病或T2DM的43名成年人（30％F）每天消耗肌肽（2g）或匹配的安慰剂，持续14周，以评估其对通过2小时75g口服葡萄糖耐量试验评估的葡萄糖代谢的影响。次要结果包括通过双能X线骨密度仪（DEXA）进行的身体成分分析，通过pQCT测量小腿肌肉密度，还有人体测量.肌肽在90分钟（-1.31mmol/L;p=0.02）和120分钟（-1.60mmol/L，口服葡萄糖耐量试验后，p=0.02）和曲线下的总葡萄糖面积（-3.30mmol/L；p=0.04）。次要结果没有其他变化。肌肽组结果在调整年龄前后仍然显著，性别,和体重变化（均>0.05），并在进一步的敏感性分析中考虑缺失数据。胰岛素水平没有显著变化。
结论：本研究为评估肌肽作为糖尿病前期和T2DM初期潜在治疗方法的大型试验提供了初步支持。可能的机制可能包括肝葡萄糖输出的变化，解释了肌肽补充后观察到的血糖降低而胰岛素分泌没有变化。
结果：在这项随机对照试验中，患有前驱糖尿病或T2DM的43名成年人（30％F）每天消耗肌肽（2g）或匹配的安慰剂，持续14周，以评估其对通过2小时75g口服葡萄糖耐量试验评估的葡萄糖代谢的影响。次要结果包括通过双能X线骨密度仪（DEXA）进行的身体成分分析，通过pQCT测量小腿肌肉密度，还有人体测量.肌肽在90分钟（-1.31mmol/L;p=0.02）和120分钟（-1.60mmol/L，口服葡萄糖耐量试验后，p=0.02）和曲线下的总葡萄糖面积（-3.30mmol/L；p=0.04）。次要结果没有其他变化。肌肽组结果在调整年龄前后仍然显著，性别,和体重变化（均>0.05），并在进一步的敏感性分析中考虑缺失数据。胰岛素水平没有显著变化。
结论：本研究为评估肌肽作为糖尿病前期和T2DM初期潜在治疗方法的大型试验提供了初步支持。可能的机制可能包括肝葡萄糖输出的变化，解释了肌肽补充后观察到的血糖降低而胰岛素分泌没有变化。
