Abstract：
Human milk oligosaccharides, including free oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates, exert a key role in neonatal health and development. Changes in free oligosaccharides of milk from different ethnic groups have been documented. In this study, human milk was collected from Han, Hui, and Tibetan populations in northwest China, and differences in N/O-glycome among these three ethnic groups were systematically compared using online high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Among the 63 detected N-glycans, 35 showed significant differences between the three ethnic groups (p < 0.05). Among the 70 detected O-glycans, four neutral O-glycans and six acidic O-glycans exhibited significant differences among the three ethnic groups (p < 0.05), with six acidic O-glycans reported for the first time. Overall, the extent of milk N/O-glycosylation was higher in the Han population than in the Hui or Tibetan groups. This trend was particularly pronounced for the main sialylated N/O-glycans. Except for sulfated O-glycans, which were higher in the milk from Tibetan mothers, the other types of N/O-glycans were present in similar proportions across all ethnic groups. Understanding the composition of N/O-glycans in human milk can help research on the structure-function relationship of glycans.
摘要：
人乳寡糖，包括游离的寡糖和糖缀合物，在新生儿健康和发育中发挥关键作用。已经记录了来自不同种族的牛奶的游离寡糖的变化。在这项研究中,从汉族那里收集人乳，Hui,和中国西北部的藏族人口，使用在线高效液相色谱-串联质谱法系统地比较了这三个种族之间N/O-糖的差异。在检测到的63个N-聚糖中，35表示出三个平易近族之间的显著差别(p<0.05)。在检测到的70个O-聚糖中，4种中性O-聚糖和6种酸性O-聚糖在三个种族之间表现出显著差异(p<0.05),首次报道了六种酸性O-聚糖。总的来说,汉族人群的牛奶N/O糖基化程度高于回族或藏族。这种趋势对于主要的唾液酸化N/O-聚糖尤其明显。除了硫酸化的O-聚糖，在藏族母亲的牛奶中，其他类型的N/O-聚糖在所有种族中的比例相似.了解人乳中N/O-聚糖的组成有助于研究聚糖的结构-功能关系。
