PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Glioblastoma (GB) is one of the most adverse diagnoses in oncology. Complex current treatment results in a median survival of 15 months. Resistance to treatment is associated with the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). The present review aimed to analyze the mechanisms of CSC plasticity, showing the particular role of β-catenin in regulating vital functions of CSCs, and to describe the molecular mechanisms of Wnt-independent increase of β-catenin levels, which is influenced by the local microenvironment of CSCs. The present review also analyzed the reasons for the low effectiveness of using medication in the regulation of CSCs, and proposed the development of immunotherapy scenarios with tumor cell vaccines, containing heterogenous cancer cells able of producing a multidirectional antineoplastic immune response. Additionally, the possibility of managing lymphopenia by transplanting hematopoietic stem cells from a healthy sibling and using clofazimine or other repurposed drugs that reduce β-catenin concentration in CSCs was discussed in the present study.
摘要：
胶质母细胞瘤（GB）是肿瘤学中最不利的诊断之一。复杂电流治疗导致15个月的中位生存期。对治疗的抗性与癌症干细胞(CSC)的存在有关。本综述旨在分析CSC可塑性的机制，显示β-连环蛋白在调节CSCs重要功能中的特殊作用，并描述了Wnt非依赖性β-连环蛋白水平增加的分子机制，受CSCs局部微环境的影响。本综述还分析了使用药物调节CSCs效果低的原因，并提出了用肿瘤细胞疫苗开发免疫治疗方案，含有能够产生多向抗肿瘤免疫反应的异质癌细胞。此外,本研究讨论了通过从健康同胞移植造血干细胞并使用氯法齐明或其他降低CSC中β-catenin浓度的再用途药物来控制淋巴细胞减少的可能性.
