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Abstract：
Demand charges are widely used for commercial and industrial consumers. These costs are often not well known, let alone the effects that PV can have on them. This work proposes a methodology to assess the effect of PV on reducing these charges and to optimise the power to be contracted, using techniques taken from exploratory data analysis. This methodology is applied to five case studies of industrial consumers from different sectors in Spain, finding savings between 5 % and 11 % of demand charges in industries with continuous operation and up to 28 % in cases of discontinuous operation. These savings can be even greater if the maximum power that can be contracted is lower than the optimum. The demand charges in Spain consist of a fixed part proportional to the contracted power and a variable part depending on the power peaks exceeding it. Since for the variable part the coincident and non-coincident models coexist, a comparison is made between the two models, finding that in the general case PV users can achieve higher savings with the coincident model.
摘要：
要求收费广泛用于商业和工业消费者。这些成本通常并不为人所知，更不用说PV对他们的影响了。这项工作提出了一种方法来评估光伏对减少这些费用的影响，并优化要收缩的功率，使用来自探索性数据分析的技术。该方法适用于来自西班牙不同部门的工业消费者的五个案例研究，在连续运营的行业中节省5%至11%的需求费用，在不连续运营的情况下节省高达28%。如果可收缩的最大功率低于最佳功率,则这些节省甚至更大。西班牙的需求费用由与收缩功率成比例的固定部分和取决于超过它的功率峰值的可变部分组成。由于对于变量部分，重合和非重合模型共存，对这两种模型进行了比较，发现在一般情况下，光伏用户可以通过重合模型实现更高的节省。
