Abstract：
Beyond providing food, livestock species are linked to a wide range of uses and ecosystem services (ESs). Based on information reported by 41 countries on 3 361 national breed populations to the Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, we investigated how factors such as species, region, breed adaptedness, or management system associate with the recognition of provision of a set of 52 ESs. Among species, a greater number of cultural ESs were reported for horses (2.47 for horses vs 0.75 on average across all species), while the major ruminant species (cattle, goats and sheep) were on average associated with more provisioning ESs (2.99 vs 2.39), and more regulating and maintenance ESs (1.86 vs 1.32). Compared to European breeds, African livestock contribute more provisioning ES (3.95 vs 1.88). Native breeds and, to a lesser extent, locally adapted breeds, were linked to more ESs than were exotic breeds (5.97 and 4.10 vs 2.90, respectively), regardless of the ES category considered. The total number of ES reported was greater for breeds primarily kept under Back Yard/Farm Yard and extensive management systems than in other production environments. Different \"bundles\" of ES were identified in relation to the interdependence among themselves, or according to species or regional specificities. Overall, our results highlight that native and locally adapted breeds, which tend to be raised in less specialized production systems than exotic breeds, are reported to play multiple roles contributing to rural community livelihoods and environmental sustainability of food systems.
摘要：
除了提供食物，牲畜物种与广泛的用途和生态系统服务(ESs)相关联。根据41个国家向联合国粮食及农业组织国内动物多样性信息系统报告的关于3.361个国家品种种群的信息，我们调查了物种等因素，区域,品种适应性，或管理系统与提供一组52个ESs的识别相关联。在物种中，据报道，马匹的文化ESs数量更多(马匹为2.47，所有物种的平均为0.75)，而主要的反刍动物物种(牛，山羊和绵羊)平均与更多的供应ESs相关(2.99vs2.39)，以及更多的调节和维护ESs（1.86vs1.32）。与欧洲品种相比，非洲牲畜贡献更多的供应ES（3.95比1.88）。本地品种，在较小程度上，当地适应的品种，与外来品种相比，与更多的ESs相关(分别为5.97和4.10vs2.90)，无论考虑的ES类别如何。与其他生产环境相比，主要保存在后院/农场场和广泛管理系统下的品种报告的ES总数更多。根据它们之间的相互依赖关系，确定了不同的ES“束”，或根据物种或地区的具体情况。总的来说,我们的结果强调了本地和本地适应的品种，与外来品种相比，它们往往在不那么专业化的生产系统中饲养，据报道，在农村社区生计和粮食系统的环境可持续性方面发挥着多种作用。
