Abstract：
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide importance. In Uruguay, it is endemic in cattle and primarily affects people with occupational exposure to livestock. The aim of this study was to determine the national seroprevalence and associated factors of local pathogen Leptospires in dairy cattle. A cross-sectional study was carried out. Herds were stratified by size (1-50, 51-250, and > 250 cattle), and up to 60 dairy cows per herd were randomly selected. A total of 4269 serum samples from 101 dairy herds were analyzed by microscopic agglutination test (MAT). A two-stage sampling design was used to estimate population seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. In order to determine the factors associated with the disease, herds with at least 1 seropositive animal were considered as case herds. Seroprevalence of Leptospira was 27.80% with a 95% CI [21.06, 34.54] at the animal level and 86.92% with a 95% CI [80.00, 93.75] at the herd level. The serology confirms the predominance of serogroups Sejroe and Pomona in our herd with the presence of incidental leptospires infection, in smaller proportion, but with a wide distribution at farm level. The population size and purchasing replacement of cows on dairy farms were associated with infection at farm level. The serologic studies confirmed that exposure to Leptospira spp. is endemic in our herds, and the spreading over dairy herds. Although the movement of purchased females and the size of the herd were associated with the disease, more studies should be conducted, to better understand the epidemiology of the disease and to highlight the possible risks to public health, especially in rural workers, farmers and veterinarians.
摘要：
钩端螺旋体病是一种具有全球重要性的人畜共患疾病。在乌拉圭,它是牛特有的，主要影响职业接触牲畜的人。这项研究的目的是确定奶牛本地病原体钩端螺旋体的国家血清阳性率和相关因素。进行了横断面研究。牛群按大小分层(1-50、51-250和>250头牛)，随机选择每群多达60头奶牛。通过显微镜凝集试验（MAT）分析了来自101个奶牛群的4269份血清样品。使用两阶段抽样设计来估计钩端螺旋体的种群血清阳性率。为了确定与疾病相关的因素，至少有1只血清反应阳性的动物被视为病例群。钩端螺旋体的血清阳性率在动物水平为27.80%，95%CI[21.06,34.54]，在畜群水平为86.92%，95%CI[80.00,93.75]。血清学证实了我们牛群中Sejroe和Pomona血清群的优势，并伴有钩端螺旋体感染，比例较小，但在农场一级分布广泛。奶牛场的种群规模和购买替代奶牛与农场一级的感染有关。血清学研究证实，接触钩端螺旋体。是我们牛群的地方病，和奶牛群的传播。尽管购买的雌性的运动和牛群的大小与疾病有关，应该进行更多的研究，为了更好地了解该疾病的流行病学并强调对公共卫生的可能风险，特别是在农村工人中，农民和兽医。
