PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
At the heart of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) is the vision to \"leave no one behind, and to see that all children survive, thrive and transform. However, some categories of children may remain left behind owing to their disproportionate exposure to the risk of threats and deficit of attention to the social and ecological climate that characterizes the various systems in which they are found. This study is concerned with one major question: Despite diverse local and international instruments that favor full nurturance and development of children, what social forces play as threat to full nurturance care in the context of children living in Orphan homes? Nurturing care framework and Brofenbrener\'s ecological system theory were adopted as the analytical frameworks. Research design was exploratory. Data were collected through sessions of in-depth-interview with orphanage managers, caregivers, and social workers on the socio-ecology drivers of threat to children living within the orphan home space and its implications for nurturance care across the various complex systems of the child\'s environment. The study found various factors across the complex systems of child development - microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, microsysm and lastly, chronosystem- which undermine caregivers\' delivery and increases children\'s vulnerability and risk of missing out on effective nurturance care. These vulnerabilities are endemic realities of social, and bio-ecologcal space in which child development occurs. This study recommends specialized interventions and policy directives relevant for each identified threat. It also calls for a stronger political will in improving the conditions of this category of the children while within the orphan home space and ultimately, actions towards deinstitutionalization of children.
摘要：
可持续发展目标（SDG）的核心是“不让任何人掉队”的愿景。看到所有的孩子都能活下来，茁壮成长和转变。然而,某些类别的儿童可能仍然落在后面，因为他们不成比例地面临威胁的风险，并且缺乏对社会和生态气候的关注，而社会和生态气候是他们被发现的各种系统的特征。这项研究涉及一个主要问题：尽管有多种地方和国际文书支持儿童的全面养育和发展，在孤儿家庭中生活的儿童的背景下，什么样的社会力量对全面养育照料构成威胁？采用养育照料框架和Brofenbriner的生态系统理论作为分析框架。研究设计是探索性的。数据是通过对孤儿院管理人员的深入访谈收集的，看护者,和社会工作者对生活在孤儿家庭空间中的儿童的威胁的社会生态驱动因素及其对儿童环境各种复杂系统的养育护理的影响。这项研究发现了儿童发展的复杂系统-微系统中的各种因素，mesosystem,exosystem,微观，最后，计时系统-破坏护理人员的分娩，增加儿童的脆弱性和错过有效的养育护理的风险。这些脆弱性是社会的地方性现实，和发生儿童发育的生物生态空间。本研究建议与每个已确定的威胁相关的专门干预措施和政策指令。它还呼吁在孤儿家庭空间内改善这类儿童的条件方面表现出更强的政治意愿，儿童非机构化的行动。
