UNASSIGNED: Participants in the Swedish Handball Cohort answered a web-survey assessing adherence to sports nutrition recommendations for meal frequency and meal timing, and the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) for fruits/vegetables and fish/seafood, food exclusions and use of dietary supplements. Differences with respect to sex and school grade were estimated with generalised linear models, generating prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% CIs.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 1040 participants (16.6±0.9 years, 51% males) were included. Overall, 70% and 90%, respectively, met recommendations for meal frequency and meal timing, whereas adherence to recommended carbohydrate intake during training/game was met by 17%. Adherence to the NNR for fruits/vegetables and fish/seafood was met by 16% and 37%, respectively. Twenty-eight per cent reported using dietary supplements. Females reported lower frequency of meals, especially morning snacks (-0.6 days/week (95% CI -0.3 to -0.9)) and evening snacks (-0.8 days/week (95% CI -0.5 to -1.1)), higher prevalence of exclusions due to intolerances (PR 1.66 (95% CI 1.31 to 2.01)) and other reasons (PR 1.36 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.64)), higher adherence to the NNR for fruits/vegetables (PR 2.30 (95% CI 1.98 to 2.62)) and use of micronutrient supplements (PR 1.72 (95% CI 1.43 to 2.00)) compared with males. Only small differences were observed between school grades.
UNASSIGNED: Swedish adolescent handball players\' dietary habits are fairly in accordance with sports nutrition recommendations but not the NNR. Females appear to display more restrictive habits than males.
■瑞典手球队列的参与者回答了一项网络调查,评估了饮食频率和饮食时间对运动营养建议的依从性,以及针对水果/蔬菜和鱼类/海鲜的北欧营养建议(NNR),食物排除和膳食补充剂的使用。关于性别和学校成绩的差异用广义线性模型估计,生成患病率比(PR),CI为95%。
■总共1040名参与者(16.6±0.9岁,51%的男性)被包括在内。总的来说,70%和90%,分别,满足进餐频率和进餐时间的建议,而在训练/比赛期间坚持推荐的碳水化合物摄入量的比例为17%。遵守水果/蔬菜和鱼类/海鲜的NNR分别为16%和37%,分别。28%的人报告使用膳食补充剂。女性报告用餐频率较低,尤其是早上零食(-0.6天/周(95%CI-0.3至-0.9))和晚上零食(-0.8天/周(95%CI-0.5至-1.1)),由于不容忍(PR1.66(95%CI1.31至2.01))和其他原因(PR1.36(95%CI1.08至1.64))导致排除的患病率更高,与男性相比,水果/蔬菜对NNR的依从性更高(PR2.30(95%CI1.98至2.62))和使用微量营养素补充剂(PR1.72(95%CI1.43至2.00))。在学校成绩之间仅观察到很小的差异。
■瑞典青少年手球运动员的饮食习惯符合运动营养建议,但不符合NNR。女性似乎比男性表现出更多的限制性习惯。