PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: This cross-sectional study aimed to describe dietary habits in Swedish adolescent handball players and differences with respect to sex and school grade.
UNASSIGNED: Participants in the Swedish Handball Cohort answered a web-survey assessing adherence to sports nutrition recommendations for meal frequency and meal timing, and the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) for fruits/vegetables and fish/seafood, food exclusions and use of dietary supplements. Differences with respect to sex and school grade were estimated with generalised linear models, generating prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% CIs.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 1040 participants (16.6±0.9 years, 51% males) were included. Overall, 70% and 90%, respectively, met recommendations for meal frequency and meal timing, whereas adherence to recommended carbohydrate intake during training/game was met by 17%. Adherence to the NNR for fruits/vegetables and fish/seafood was met by 16% and 37%, respectively. Twenty-eight per cent reported using dietary supplements. Females reported lower frequency of meals, especially morning snacks (-0.6 days/week (95% CI -0.3 to -0.9)) and evening snacks (-0.8 days/week (95% CI -0.5 to -1.1)), higher prevalence of exclusions due to intolerances (PR 1.66 (95% CI 1.31 to 2.01)) and other reasons (PR 1.36 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.64)), higher adherence to the NNR for fruits/vegetables (PR 2.30 (95% CI 1.98 to 2.62)) and use of micronutrient supplements (PR 1.72 (95% CI 1.43 to 2.00)) compared with males. Only small differences were observed between school grades.
UNASSIGNED: Swedish adolescent handball players\' dietary habits are fairly in accordance with sports nutrition recommendations but not the NNR. Females appear to display more restrictive habits than males.
UNASSIGNED: Participants in the Swedish Handball Cohort answered a web-survey assessing adherence to sports nutrition recommendations for meal frequency and meal timing, and the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) for fruits/vegetables and fish/seafood, food exclusions and use of dietary supplements. Differences with respect to sex and school grade were estimated with generalised linear models, generating prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% CIs.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 1040 participants (16.6±0.9 years, 51% males) were included. Overall, 70% and 90%, respectively, met recommendations for meal frequency and meal timing, whereas adherence to recommended carbohydrate intake during training/game was met by 17%. Adherence to the NNR for fruits/vegetables and fish/seafood was met by 16% and 37%, respectively. Twenty-eight per cent reported using dietary supplements. Females reported lower frequency of meals, especially morning snacks (-0.6 days/week (95% CI -0.3 to -0.9)) and evening snacks (-0.8 days/week (95% CI -0.5 to -1.1)), higher prevalence of exclusions due to intolerances (PR 1.66 (95% CI 1.31 to 2.01)) and other reasons (PR 1.36 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.64)), higher adherence to the NNR for fruits/vegetables (PR 2.30 (95% CI 1.98 to 2.62)) and use of micronutrient supplements (PR 1.72 (95% CI 1.43 to 2.00)) compared with males. Only small differences were observed between school grades.
UNASSIGNED: Swedish adolescent handball players\' dietary habits are fairly in accordance with sports nutrition recommendations but not the NNR. Females appear to display more restrictive habits than males.
摘要：
■这项横断面研究旨在描述瑞典青少年手球运动员的饮食习惯以及在性别和学校成绩方面的差异。
■瑞典手球队列的参与者回答了一项网络调查，评估了饮食频率和饮食时间对运动营养建议的依从性，以及针对水果/蔬菜和鱼类/海鲜的北欧营养建议（NNR），食物排除和膳食补充剂的使用。关于性别和学校成绩的差异用广义线性模型估计，生成患病率比（PR），CI为95%。
■总共1040名参与者（16.6±0.9岁，51%的男性）被包括在内。总的来说,70%和90%,分别,满足进餐频率和进餐时间的建议，而在训练/比赛期间坚持推荐的碳水化合物摄入量的比例为17%。遵守水果/蔬菜和鱼类/海鲜的NNR分别为16％和37％，分别。28%的人报告使用膳食补充剂。女性报告用餐频率较低，尤其是早上零食（-0.6天/周（95%CI-0.3至-0.9））和晚上零食（-0.8天/周（95%CI-0.5至-1.1）），由于不容忍(PR1.66(95%CI1.31至2.01))和其他原因(PR1.36(95%CI1.08至1.64))导致排除的患病率更高，与男性相比，水果/蔬菜对NNR的依从性更高（PR2.30（95％CI1.98至2.62））和使用微量营养素补充剂（PR1.72（95％CI1.43至2.00））。在学校成绩之间仅观察到很小的差异。
■瑞典青少年手球运动员的饮食习惯符合运动营养建议，但不符合NNR。女性似乎比男性表现出更多的限制性习惯。
■瑞典手球队列的参与者回答了一项网络调查，评估了饮食频率和饮食时间对运动营养建议的依从性，以及针对水果/蔬菜和鱼类/海鲜的北欧营养建议（NNR），食物排除和膳食补充剂的使用。关于性别和学校成绩的差异用广义线性模型估计，生成患病率比（PR），CI为95%。
■总共1040名参与者（16.6±0.9岁，51%的男性）被包括在内。总的来说,70%和90%,分别,满足进餐频率和进餐时间的建议，而在训练/比赛期间坚持推荐的碳水化合物摄入量的比例为17%。遵守水果/蔬菜和鱼类/海鲜的NNR分别为16％和37％，分别。28%的人报告使用膳食补充剂。女性报告用餐频率较低，尤其是早上零食（-0.6天/周（95%CI-0.3至-0.9））和晚上零食（-0.8天/周（95%CI-0.5至-1.1）），由于不容忍(PR1.66(95%CI1.31至2.01))和其他原因(PR1.36(95%CI1.08至1.64))导致排除的患病率更高，与男性相比，水果/蔬菜对NNR的依从性更高（PR2.30（95％CI1.98至2.62））和使用微量营养素补充剂（PR1.72（95％CI1.43至2.00））。在学校成绩之间仅观察到很小的差异。
■瑞典青少年手球运动员的饮食习惯符合运动营养建议，但不符合NNR。女性似乎比男性表现出更多的限制性习惯。
