Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The US Environmental Protection Agency Food Recovery Hierarchy suggests methods for diverting food waste from landfill. Knowledge of how hospital foodservices implement food waste management strategies could help modernize food waste practices.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore hospital staff members\' experiences of implementing a food waste management strategy to divert food waste from landfill in their hospital foodservice, including the journey, challenges, and facilitators of this practice change.
METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted in 2022-2023 using semi-structured interviews.
METHODS: Eighteen participants were staff members with knowledge of the food waste management strategy from 14 exemplar hospitals in United States, Spain, Scotland, and Australia using strategies to divert food waste from landfill within the last 10 years.
UNASSIGNED: Mapping and thematic analysis were undertaken to code and identify themes from the interviews that described staff members\' experiences of the journey to implement the strategy.
RESULTS: Six hospitals donated food, 1 transferred food waste for animal feed, 4 used an industrial solution, and 3 sent food waste for composting. A common journey pathway for successful implementation was identified from participants\' experiences. It features the following 6 phases: idea, preparation, roll out, maintenance, established practice, and evolution. Facilitators included legislation, enthusiastic staff members, executive support, and \"luck.\" Challenges were smells, occasions when food waste was not collected, equipment breakage, and funding depletion.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified a common journey pathway for implementing a food waste management strategy in hospital foodservices that can be used to anticipate and prepare for the steps in the implementation process.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore hospital staff members\' experiences of implementing a food waste management strategy to divert food waste from landfill in their hospital foodservice, including the journey, challenges, and facilitators of this practice change.
METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted in 2022-2023 using semi-structured interviews.
METHODS: Eighteen participants were staff members with knowledge of the food waste management strategy from 14 exemplar hospitals in United States, Spain, Scotland, and Australia using strategies to divert food waste from landfill within the last 10 years.
UNASSIGNED: Mapping and thematic analysis were undertaken to code and identify themes from the interviews that described staff members\' experiences of the journey to implement the strategy.
RESULTS: Six hospitals donated food, 1 transferred food waste for animal feed, 4 used an industrial solution, and 3 sent food waste for composting. A common journey pathway for successful implementation was identified from participants\' experiences. It features the following 6 phases: idea, preparation, roll out, maintenance, established practice, and evolution. Facilitators included legislation, enthusiastic staff members, executive support, and \"luck.\" Challenges were smells, occasions when food waste was not collected, equipment breakage, and funding depletion.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified a common journey pathway for implementing a food waste management strategy in hospital foodservices that can be used to anticipate and prepare for the steps in the implementation process.
摘要：
在典型的医院食品服务中从垃圾填埋场转移食物垃圾：一项定性研究背景：美国环境保护局食品回收体系提出了从垃圾填埋场转移食物垃圾的方法。了解医院食品服务如何实施食物浪费管理策略可以帮助实现食物浪费实践的现代化。
目的：探索医院员工实施食物垃圾管理策略以转移食物垃圾的经验。包括旅程以及这种实践变化的挑战和促进者。
方法：在2022-2023年使用半结构化访谈进行了一项定性研究。
方法：18名参与者是美国14家典型医院的食物垃圾管理策略知识的工作人员，西班牙,在过去的十年中，苏格兰和澳大利亚使用策略从垃圾填埋场转移食物垃圾。
■进行了映射和主题分析，以编码和确定访谈中的主题，这些访谈描述了员工实施战略的经历。
结果：六家医院捐赠了食物，一个转移的食物垃圾用于动物饲料，四个使用了工业解决方案，还有三个人把食物垃圾送去堆肥。从参与者的经验中确定了成功实施的共同旅程路径。它具有六个阶段：想法，准备,推出,维护,既定做法,和进化。调解人包括立法，热情的员工,行政支持和“运气”。挑战是气味，没有收集食物垃圾的场合，设备破损和资金枯竭。
结论：这项研究确定了在医院食品服务中实施食物垃圾管理策略的共同旅程路径，该路径可用于预测和准备实施过程中的步骤。
目的：探索医院员工实施食物垃圾管理策略以转移食物垃圾的经验。包括旅程以及这种实践变化的挑战和促进者。
方法：在2022-2023年使用半结构化访谈进行了一项定性研究。
方法：18名参与者是美国14家典型医院的食物垃圾管理策略知识的工作人员，西班牙,在过去的十年中，苏格兰和澳大利亚使用策略从垃圾填埋场转移食物垃圾。
■进行了映射和主题分析，以编码和确定访谈中的主题，这些访谈描述了员工实施战略的经历。
结果：六家医院捐赠了食物，一个转移的食物垃圾用于动物饲料，四个使用了工业解决方案，还有三个人把食物垃圾送去堆肥。从参与者的经验中确定了成功实施的共同旅程路径。它具有六个阶段：想法，准备,推出,维护,既定做法,和进化。调解人包括立法，热情的员工,行政支持和“运气”。挑战是气味，没有收集食物垃圾的场合，设备破损和资金枯竭。
结论：这项研究确定了在医院食品服务中实施食物垃圾管理策略的共同旅程路径，该路径可用于预测和准备实施过程中的步骤。
