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Abstract：
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common chronic lung disease in preterm infants and lacks effective methods for prevention and treatment. The aim of this study is to explore the efficacy and safety of montelukast in preventing or treating BPD in preterm infants. The preterm infants with BPD risk factors were divided randomly into a montelukast group and a control group. In the montelukast group, preterm infants were given 1 mg/kg of montelukast sodium daily. There was no placebo in the control group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of moderate or severe BPD between the two groups (31.8% vs. 35%). The duration of respiratory support in the montelukast group was shorter than that in the control group (36.4 ± 12.8 d vs. 43.1 ± 15.9 d, p = 0.037). The pulmonary severity score (PSS) at 21 days of life in the montelukast group was significantly lower than that in the control group (0.56 ± 0.13 vs. 0.62 ± 0.14, p = 0.048). There were no significant differences in the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay, hospitalization expenses, or incidence of adverse events. Although montelukast cannot alleviate the severity of BPD, it may shorten the duration of respiratory support and decrease the PSS in very preterm infants. There were no significant adverse drug events associated with montelukast treatment.
摘要：
支气管肺发育不良（BPD）是早产儿最常见的慢性肺部疾病，缺乏有效的预防和治疗方法。本研究旨在探讨孟鲁司特预防或治疗早产儿BPD的有效性和安全性。将具有BPD危险因素的早产儿随机分为孟鲁司特组和对照组。在孟鲁司特集团,早产儿每日给予1mg/kg孟鲁司特钠.对照组没有安慰剂。两组中重度BPD的发生率无显著差异(31.8%vs.35%）。孟鲁司特组呼吸支持持续时间短于对照组(36.4±12.8dvs.43.1±15.9d,p=0.037)。孟鲁司特组21天的肺部严重程度评分(PSS)明显低于对照组(0.56±0.13vs.0.62±0.14，p=0.048）。机械通气时间无显著差异,逗留时间,住院费用,或不良事件的发生率。虽然孟鲁司特不能缓解BPD的严重程度，它可能会缩短呼吸支持的持续时间并降低早产儿的PSS。没有与孟鲁司特治疗相关的显著药物不良事件。
