PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In this work, we extracted chitosan from marine amphipods associated with aquaculture facilities and tested its use in crop protection. The obtained chitosan was 2.5 ± 0.3% of initial ground amphipod dry weight. The chemical nature of chitosan from amphipod extracts was confirmed via Raman scattering spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). This chitosan showed an 85.7-84.3% deacetylation degree. Chitosan from biofouling amphipods at 1 mg·mL-1 virtually arrested conidia germination (ca. sixfold reduction from controls) of the banana wilt pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp cubense Tropical Race 4 (FocTR4). This concentration reduced (ca. twofold) the conidia germination of the biocontrol fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia (Pc123). Chitosan from amphipods at low concentrations (0.01 mg·mL-1) still reduced FocTR4 germination but did not affect Pc123. This is the first time that chitosan is obtained from biofouling amphipods. This new chitosan valorizes aquaculture residues and has potential for biomanaging the diseases of food security crops such as bananas.
摘要：
在这项工作中,我们从与水产养殖设施相关的海洋两栖类动物中提取了壳聚糖，并测试了其在作物保护中的用途。获得的壳聚糖为初始研磨两栖动物干重的2.5±0.3%。通过拉曼散射光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）确认了来自两栖动物提取物的壳聚糖的化学性质。该壳聚糖显示85.7-84.3%的脱乙酰度。来自1mg·mL-1的生物污染两栖动物的壳聚糖实际上阻止了分生孢子的萌发（约与对照组相比减少了六倍）香蕉枯萎病致病真菌尖孢镰刀菌。sp立方热带种族4（FocTR4）。该浓度降低了（约双重）生控真菌Pochonia衣原体（Pc123）的分生孢子萌发。低浓度（0.01mg·mL-1）的两栖动物壳聚糖仍可降低FocTR4的萌发，但不影响Pc123。这是首次从生物污损的两栖动物中获得壳聚糖。这种新的壳聚糖使水产养殖残留物具有价值，并具有生物管理香蕉等粮食安全作物疾病的潜力。
