Abstract：
In the arid southwestern U.S., urban greening strategies have been promoted to alleviate ecosystem disservices associated with lawns, including the adoption of xeric yards with desert-adapted floras and gravel groundcover and wildlife-friendly yards with complex vegetation structure and composition. Scant studies have investigated the extent of different vegetation changes in urban greening practices and the complexity of associated human drivers. We addressed this gap by analyzing survey data from two survey periods (2017 and 2021) to answer the following questions: to what extent have residents from metropolitan Phoenix made different vegetation changes in their yards over the last decade, and how do multi-scalar human drivers affect different vegetation changes? We found a sustainable trajectory for residential vegetation changes in Phoenix since mid-2010s, with declining additions of grass and increases in trees and desert plants across residential neighborhoods. Esthetics was an influential driver of both tree planting and native gardening. Additionally, tree planting was associated with anthropocentric values (i.e., low-maintenance needs), while desert plant additions reflected the appreciation of nature (i.e., attitudes towards the desert) and environmental concerns (i.e., supporting wildlife). Institutions such as local government programs might shape residents\' vegetation choices, as tree planting differed among municipalities. We also found counterintuitive influences of residential tenure controls on landscaping decisions. Specifically, renters were more likely to add yard trees compared to homeowners. Our results inform landscape sustainability by identifying potential pathways to residential yard changes that offer a multitude of services while being appreciated and maintained by residents.
摘要：
在干旱的美国西南部，已推广城市绿化策略，以减轻与草坪相关的生态系统服务，包括采用具有沙漠适应性植物区系和砾石地面覆盖物的干燥场，以及具有复杂植被结构和组成的野生动物友好场。很少有研究调查了城市绿化实践中不同植被变化的程度以及相关人类驾驶员的复杂性。我们通过分析两个调查期（2017年和2021年）的调查数据来解决这一差距，以回答以下问题：在过去十年中，凤凰城的居民在多大程度上在院子里发生了不同的植被变化，以及多标量人类驱动如何影响不同的植被变化？我们发现了自2010年代中期以来凤凰城住宅植被变化的可持续轨迹，随着住宅区中草地的增加和树木和沙漠植物的增加。美学是植树和本地园艺的有影响力的驱动力。此外,植树与以人类为中心的价值观(即，低维护需求)，而沙漠植物的添加反映了对自然的欣赏(即，对沙漠的态度)和环境问题(即，支持野生动物)。诸如地方政府计划之类的机构可能会影响居民的植被选择，由于城市之间的植树不同。我们还发现了住宅使用权控制对景观美化决策的违反直觉的影响。具体来说,与房主相比，租房者更有可能增加院子里的树木。我们的结果通过确定住宅庭院变更的潜在途径，为景观可持续性提供信息，这些途径提供多种服务，同时受到居民的赞赏和维护。
