PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Despite extensive research on the gut microbiome of healthy individuals from a single country, there are still a limited number of population-level comparative studies. Moreover, the sequencing approach used in most related studies involves 16 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing with a limited resolution, which cannot provide detailed functional profiles. In the present study, we applied a combined analysis approach to analyze whole metagenomic shotgun sequencing data from 2035 healthy adult samples from six countries across four continents. Analysis of core species revealed that 13 species were present in more than 90 % of all investigated individuals, the majority of which produced short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)-producing bacteria. Our analysis revealed consistently significant differences in gut microbial species and pathways between Western and non-Western countries, such as Escherichia coli and the relation of MetaCyc pathways to the TCA cycle. Specific changes in microbial species and pathways are potentially related to lifestyle and diet. Furthermore, we identified several noteworthy microbial species and pathways that exhibit distinct characteristics specific to China. Interestingly, we observed that China (CHN) was more similar to the United States (USA) and United Kingdom (GBR) in terms of the taxonomic and functional composition of the gut microbiome than India (IND) and Madagascar (MDG), which were more similar to the China (CHN) diet. The current study identified consistent microbial features associated with population and geography, which will inspire further clinical translations that consider paying attention to differences in microbiota backgrounds and confounding factors.
摘要：
尽管对来自单个国家的健康个体的肠道微生物组进行了广泛的研究，人口水平的比较研究仍然有限。此外，大多数相关研究中使用的测序方法涉及分辨率有限的16S核糖体RNA（rRNA）测序，无法提供详细的功能简介。在本研究中,我们采用组合分析方法,分析了来自四大洲6个国家的2035个健康成人样本的整个宏基因组鸟枪测序数据.对核心物种的分析显示，超过90％的所有被调查个体中存在13种物种，其中大多数产生短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的细菌。我们的分析显示，西方和非西方国家在肠道微生物种类和途径方面存在显著差异。如大肠杆菌和MetaCyc途径与TCA循环的关系。微生物种类和途径的特定变化可能与生活方式和饮食有关。此外，我们确定了几种值得注意的微生物物种和途径，它们表现出中国特有的独特特征。有趣的是,我们观察到，在肠道微生物组的分类和功能组成方面，中国（CHN）与美国（USA）和英国（GBR）比印度（IND）和马达加斯加（MDG）更相似，更类似于中国（CHN）饮食。当前的研究确定了与种群和地理相关的一致的微生物特征，这将激发进一步的临床翻译，考虑关注微生物群背景和混杂因素的差异。
