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Abstract：
Maternal obesity and advanced age have been associated with an increased risk of structural congenital heart defects in the offspring. Whether these factors may also cause abnormalities in infant cardiac dimension and function is unknown. This study investigates whether maternal body mass index (BMI) and maternal age are associated with changes in left ventricular (LV) dimensions and function in the newborn.
Infants enrolled in the Copenhagen Baby Heart Study (CBHS), who were born at term, and contributed with a transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) within 60 days of birth were included. The exposure variables were prepregnancy maternal BMI (kg/m2) < 18.5; 18.5-24.9 (reference); 25-29.9; 30-34.9 and ≥ 35 and maternal age (years) < 25; 25-29; 30-34 (reference); 35-39 and ≥ 40. Outcomes were LV parameters ascertained by 2D-echocardiography. Associations between each maternal factor and infant LV parameters were analysed with either a linear model adjusted for the child\'s weight and length at birth, gestational age, sex, age at TTE, and maternal smoking, or a linear mixed model, further adjusted for random effects of analyst and month of analysis. Analyses investigating impact of maternal BMI were adjusted for maternal age, and vice versa.
The study cohort included 24,294 infants. Compared with infants in the BMI reference group, infants born to women with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 generally had smaller measures of LV internal diameters in end-diastole, reaching statistical significance for BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2 [-0.11 ± 0.04 mm, p = 0.01]. All groups of infants born to women with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 had significantly smaller LV internal diameters in end-systole: BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2 [-0.04 ± 0.02 mm, p = 0.04], BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2 [-0.12 ± 0.03 mm, p = 0.001] and BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 [-0.11 ± 0.05 mm, p = 0.03]. Compared with infants in the age reference group, infants born to women ≥ 40 years had significantly smaller LV internal diameters in end-diastole [-0.15 ± 0.04 mm, p = 0.001] and end-systole [-0.09 ± 0.04 mm, p = 0.009].
Systematic population-based echocardiography of infants showed that a maternal prepregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and maternal age ≥ 40 years were associated with smaller systolic and diastolic LV diameters. The long-term effects are unknown.
April 2016, Copenhagen Baby Heart, NCT02753348 .
Infants enrolled in the Copenhagen Baby Heart Study (CBHS), who were born at term, and contributed with a transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) within 60 days of birth were included. The exposure variables were prepregnancy maternal BMI (kg/m2) < 18.5; 18.5-24.9 (reference); 25-29.9; 30-34.9 and ≥ 35 and maternal age (years) < 25; 25-29; 30-34 (reference); 35-39 and ≥ 40. Outcomes were LV parameters ascertained by 2D-echocardiography. Associations between each maternal factor and infant LV parameters were analysed with either a linear model adjusted for the child\'s weight and length at birth, gestational age, sex, age at TTE, and maternal smoking, or a linear mixed model, further adjusted for random effects of analyst and month of analysis. Analyses investigating impact of maternal BMI were adjusted for maternal age, and vice versa.
The study cohort included 24,294 infants. Compared with infants in the BMI reference group, infants born to women with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 generally had smaller measures of LV internal diameters in end-diastole, reaching statistical significance for BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2 [-0.11 ± 0.04 mm, p = 0.01]. All groups of infants born to women with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 had significantly smaller LV internal diameters in end-systole: BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2 [-0.04 ± 0.02 mm, p = 0.04], BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2 [-0.12 ± 0.03 mm, p = 0.001] and BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 [-0.11 ± 0.05 mm, p = 0.03]. Compared with infants in the age reference group, infants born to women ≥ 40 years had significantly smaller LV internal diameters in end-diastole [-0.15 ± 0.04 mm, p = 0.001] and end-systole [-0.09 ± 0.04 mm, p = 0.009].
Systematic population-based echocardiography of infants showed that a maternal prepregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and maternal age ≥ 40 years were associated with smaller systolic and diastolic LV diameters. The long-term effects are unknown.
April 2016, Copenhagen Baby Heart, NCT02753348 .
摘要：
背景：母亲肥胖和高龄与后代结构性先天性心脏病的风险增加有关。这些因素是否也可能导致婴儿心脏尺寸和功能异常尚不清楚。这项研究调查了孕妇体重指数（BMI）和孕妇年龄是否与新生儿左心室（LV）尺寸和功能的变化有关。
方法：参加哥本哈根婴儿心脏研究（CBHS）的婴儿，他们出生在学期，包括出生后60天内的经胸超声心动图（TTE）。暴露变量为孕前孕妇BMI（kg/m2）<18.5;18.5-24.9（参考）;25-29.9;30-34.9和≥35以及孕妇年龄（岁）<25;25-29;30-34（参考）;35-39和≥40。结果是通过2D超声心动图确定的LV参数。每个母亲因素和婴儿左心室参数之间的关联进行了分析与线性模型调整儿童的体重和出生时的身长，胎龄,性别,年龄在TTE，和母亲吸烟，或线性混合模型，进一步调整了分析师和分析月份的随机效应。分析调查母亲体重指数的影响被调整为母亲年龄，反之亦然。
结果：研究队列包括24,294名婴儿。与BMI参考组的婴儿相比，BMI≥25kg/m2的女性出生的婴儿在舒张末期的LV内径测量值通常较小，BMI为30-34.9kg/m2[-0.11±0.04mm，p=0.01]。BMI≥25kg/m2的妇女所生的所有婴儿组在收缩末期的LV内径均明显较小：BMI25-29.9kg/m2[-0.04±0.02mm，p=0.04]，BMI30-34.9kg/m2[-0.12±0.03mm，p=0.001]和BMI≥35kg/m2[-0.11±0.05mm，p=0.03]。与年龄参照组的婴儿相比，≥40岁女性出生的婴儿在舒张末期左心室内径明显较小[-0.15±0.04mm，p=0.001]和收缩末期[-0.09±0.04mm，p=0.009]。
结论：基于人群的婴儿系统超声心动图显示，孕前BMI≥25kg/m2和年龄≥40岁的孕妇与较小的收缩和舒张LV直径相关。长期影响是未知的。
背景：2016年4月，哥本哈根婴儿之心，NCT02753348。
方法：参加哥本哈根婴儿心脏研究（CBHS）的婴儿，他们出生在学期，包括出生后60天内的经胸超声心动图（TTE）。暴露变量为孕前孕妇BMI（kg/m2）<18.5;18.5-24.9（参考）;25-29.9;30-34.9和≥35以及孕妇年龄（岁）<25;25-29;30-34（参考）;35-39和≥40。结果是通过2D超声心动图确定的LV参数。每个母亲因素和婴儿左心室参数之间的关联进行了分析与线性模型调整儿童的体重和出生时的身长，胎龄,性别,年龄在TTE，和母亲吸烟，或线性混合模型，进一步调整了分析师和分析月份的随机效应。分析调查母亲体重指数的影响被调整为母亲年龄，反之亦然。
结果：研究队列包括24,294名婴儿。与BMI参考组的婴儿相比，BMI≥25kg/m2的女性出生的婴儿在舒张末期的LV内径测量值通常较小，BMI为30-34.9kg/m2[-0.11±0.04mm，p=0.01]。BMI≥25kg/m2的妇女所生的所有婴儿组在收缩末期的LV内径均明显较小：BMI25-29.9kg/m2[-0.04±0.02mm，p=0.04]，BMI30-34.9kg/m2[-0.12±0.03mm，p=0.001]和BMI≥35kg/m2[-0.11±0.05mm，p=0.03]。与年龄参照组的婴儿相比，≥40岁女性出生的婴儿在舒张末期左心室内径明显较小[-0.15±0.04mm，p=0.001]和收缩末期[-0.09±0.04mm，p=0.009]。
结论：基于人群的婴儿系统超声心动图显示，孕前BMI≥25kg/m2和年龄≥40岁的孕妇与较小的收缩和舒张LV直径相关。长期影响是未知的。
背景：2016年4月，哥本哈根婴儿之心，NCT02753348。
