Abstract：
The persistent issue of CO2 emissions and their subsequent impact on the Earth\'s atmosphere can be effectively addressed through the utilization of efficient photocatalysts. Employing a sustainable carbon cycle via photocatalysis presents a promising technology for simultaneously managing the greenhouse effect and the energy dilemma. However, the efficiency of energy conversion encounters limitations due to inadequate carrier utilization and a deficiency of reactive sites. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in efficiently addressing the aforementioned challenges. This review article commences with an overview of SAC types, structures, fundamentals, synthesis strategies, and characterizations, providing a logical foundation for the design and properties of SACs based on the correlation between their structure and efficiency. Additionally, we delve into the general mechanism and the role of SACs in photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Furthermore, we furnish a comprehensive survey of the latest advancements in SACs concerning their capacity to enhance efficiency, long-term stability, and selectivity in CO2 reduction. Carbon-structured support materials such as covalent organic frameworks (COFs), graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs), and graphene-based photocatalysts have garnered significant attention due to their substantial surface area, superior conductivity, and chemical stability. These carbon-based materials are frequently chosen as support matrices for anchoring single metal atoms, thereby enhancing catalytic activity and selectivity. The motivation behind this review article lies in evaluating recent developments in photocatalytic CO2 reduction employing SACs supported on carbon substrates. In conclusion, we highlight critical issues associated with SACs, potential prospects in photocatalytic CO2 reduction, and existing challenges. This review article is dedicated to providing a comprehensive and organized compilation of recent research findings on carbon support materials for SACs in photocatalytic CO2 reduction, with a specific focus on materials that are environmentally friendly, readily accessible, cost-effective, and exceptionally efficient. This work offers a critical assessment and serves as a systematic reference for the development of SACs supported on MOFs, COFs, g-C3N4, graphene, and CTFs support materials to enhance photocatalytic CO2 conversion.
摘要：
持续存在的二氧化碳排放问题及其对地球大气的影响可以通过高效光催化剂的利用得到有效解决。通过光催化采用可持续的碳循环为同时管理温室效应和能源困境提供了一种有前途的技术。然而,由于载流子利用不足和反应位点的缺乏,能量转换效率遇到限制。单原子催化剂（SAC）在有效解决上述挑战方面表现出卓越的性能。这篇综述文章从SAC类型的概述开始，结构,基本面，合成策略，和特征，基于结构和效率之间的相关性，为SAC的设计和属性提供逻辑基础。此外,我们深入研究了SAC在光催化CO2还原中的一般机理和作用。此外，我们对SAC提高效率的能力的最新进展进行了全面调查，长期稳定，和CO2还原的选择性。碳结构支撑材料，如共价有机骨架(COF)，石墨碳氮化物(g-C3N4),金属有机框架(MOFs)，共价三嗪骨架（CTF），基于石墨烯的光催化剂由于其巨大的表面积而受到了广泛的关注，优越的导电性，和化学稳定性。这些碳基材料经常被选择作为锚定单个金属原子的支撑基质，从而提高催化活性和选择性。这篇评论文章背后的动机在于评估使用负载在碳基材上的SAC进行光催化CO2还原的最新进展。总之,我们强调与SAC相关的关键问题，光催化CO2还原的潜在前景，和现有的挑战。这篇评论文章致力于提供有关SAC在光催化CO2还原中的碳支撑材料的最新研究成果的全面和有组织的汇编，特别关注环保材料，容易接近，成本效益高,而且非常高效。这项工作提供了重要的评估，并为MOF支持的SAC的开发提供了系统参考，COFs,g-C3N4，石墨烯，和CTFs支持材料以增强光催化CO2转化。
