PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Humanitarian crises such as disease outbreaks, conflict and displacement and natural disasters affect millions of people primarily in low- and middle-income countries. Here, they often reside in areas with poor environmental health conditions leading to an increased burden of infectious diseases such as gastrointestinal and respiratory infections. Water, sanitation, and hygiene behaviours are critical to prevent such infections and deaths. A scoping review was conducted to map out what is known about the association between three mental health disorders and people\'s perceived and actual ability to practice hygiene-related behaviours, particularly handwashing, in humanitarian and pandemic crises. Published and grey literature was identified through database searches, humanitarian-relevant portals, and consultations with key stakeholders in the humanitarian sector. 25 publications were included, 21 were peer-reviewed published articles and four were grey literature publications. Most of the studies were conducted in mainland China (n = 12) and most were conducted in an outbreak setting (n = 20). Six studies found a positive correlation between handwashing and anxiety where participants with higher rates of anxiety were more likely to practice handwashing with soap. Four studies found an inverse relationship where those with higher rates of anxiety were less likely to wash their hands with soap. The review found mixed results for the association between handwashing and depression, with four of the seven studies reporting those with higher rates of depression were less likely to wash their hands, while the remaining studies found that higher depression scores resulted in more handwashing. Mixed results were also found between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and handwashing. Two studies found that lower scores of PTSD were associated with better hygiene practices, including handwashing with soap. The contradictory patterns suggest that researchers and practitioners need to explore this association further, in a wider range of crises, and need to standardize tools to do so.
摘要：
人道主义危机，如疾病爆发，冲突和流离失所以及自然灾害主要影响低收入和中等收入国家的数百万人。这里,他们通常居住在环境健康状况较差的地区，导致胃肠道和呼吸道感染等传染病的负担增加。水,卫生，卫生行为对于预防此类感染和死亡至关重要。进行了范围审查，以绘制出关于三种精神健康障碍与人们的感知和实践卫生相关行为的实际能力之间的关联的已知信息，尤其是洗手,在人道主义和流行病危机中。通过数据库搜索确定了已发表和灰色文献，人道主义相关门户网站，并与人道主义部门的主要利益攸关方进行磋商。包括25种出版物，21篇是同行评审的发表文章，4篇是灰色文献出版物。大多数研究是在中国大陆进行的（n=12），大多数是在爆发环境中进行的（n=20）。六项研究发现，洗手和焦虑之间存在正相关，焦虑发生率较高的参与者更有可能用肥皂洗手。四项研究发现了一种反比关系，即焦虑率高的人不太可能用肥皂洗手。这篇评论发现洗手和抑郁之间的关联结果好坏参半，七项研究中有四项报告抑郁症发病率较高的人洗手的可能性较小，而其余的研究发现，更高的抑郁分数导致更多的洗手。在创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和洗手之间也发现了混合结果。两项研究发现，创伤后应激障碍评分较低与更好的卫生习惯有关，包括用肥皂洗手。矛盾的模式表明，研究人员和从业者需要进一步探索这种关联，在更广泛的危机中，并且需要标准化工具来做到这一点。
