PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Aspiration pneumonia in older adults is increasingly common, with a high care burden and morbidity. However, clinical competencies in its management have not been developed, and healthcare professionals struggle on how to care for these patients with multimodal treatment needs. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review to investigate what is known about the desired clinical competencies for the management of older adults with aspiration pneumonia, to utilise in clinical practice, education, and future research.
METHODS: First, we defined aspiration pneumonia according to a preliminary search. We then searched the literature on MEDLINE and CINAHL, focusing on studies involving patients aged 65 years old and older diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia. All settings were included, with the exception of intensive care units. Publication dates were limited to January 2011 to July 2022 and languages to English and Japanese. The extracted data were used to refine the preliminary competency framework developed by the Japan Aspiration pneumonia inter-Professional team Educational Program (JAPEP) in preparation of this study.
RESULTS: Ninety-nine studies were included. Following data extraction from these studies, 3 competencies were renamed, and 3 new competencies were added, to create a list of 12 competencies. These were Diagnosis, Treatment, Swallow Assessment, Underlying condition management, Nutrition, Oral management, Rehabilitation, Multidisciplinary team, Decision making, Prevention, Prognosis, and Palliative care.
CONCLUSIONS: Our scoping review identified 12 clinical competencies required in the management of older adults with aspiration pneumonia, outlined in the phrase \'Diagnose, Treat and SUPPORT\'. We encourage healthcare professionals to share these competencies as a team to identify areas of unmet need and improve their patient care, with an emphasis on supportive care.
METHODS: First, we defined aspiration pneumonia according to a preliminary search. We then searched the literature on MEDLINE and CINAHL, focusing on studies involving patients aged 65 years old and older diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia. All settings were included, with the exception of intensive care units. Publication dates were limited to January 2011 to July 2022 and languages to English and Japanese. The extracted data were used to refine the preliminary competency framework developed by the Japan Aspiration pneumonia inter-Professional team Educational Program (JAPEP) in preparation of this study.
RESULTS: Ninety-nine studies were included. Following data extraction from these studies, 3 competencies were renamed, and 3 new competencies were added, to create a list of 12 competencies. These were Diagnosis, Treatment, Swallow Assessment, Underlying condition management, Nutrition, Oral management, Rehabilitation, Multidisciplinary team, Decision making, Prevention, Prognosis, and Palliative care.
CONCLUSIONS: Our scoping review identified 12 clinical competencies required in the management of older adults with aspiration pneumonia, outlined in the phrase \'Diagnose, Treat and SUPPORT\'. We encourage healthcare professionals to share these competencies as a team to identify areas of unmet need and improve their patient care, with an emphasis on supportive care.
摘要：
背景：老年人吸入性肺炎越来越常见，具有较高的护理负担和发病率。然而,其管理的临床能力尚未发展，和医疗保健专业人员为如何照顾这些有多模式治疗需求的患者而苦苦挣扎。因此,我们进行了一项范围审查，以调查已知的老年人吸入性肺炎治疗所需的临床能力，在临床实践中使用，教育,和未来的研究。
方法：首先，我们根据初步搜索定义了吸入性肺炎.然后我们搜索了关于MEDLINE和CINAHL的文献，重点研究涉及65岁及以上被诊断为吸入性肺炎的患者。所有设置都包括在内，除了重症监护室。出版日期仅限于2011年1月至2022年7月，语言为英语和日语。提取的数据用于完善由日本吸入性肺炎专业团队间教育计划（JAPEP）制定的初步能力框架，以准备本研究。
结果：纳入了九十九项研究。从这些研究中提取数据后，3个能力被重命名，并增加了3个新的能力，创建12项能力的列表。这些是诊断，治疗,燕子评估，基本条件管理，营养,口头管理,康复,多学科团队,决策,预防,预后,和姑息治疗。
结论：我们的范围审查确定了治疗老年吸入性肺炎所需的12项临床能力，在短语“诊断”中概述，治疗和支持。我们鼓励医疗保健专业人员作为一个团队分享这些能力，以确定未满足的需求领域并改善他们的患者护理，强调支持性护理。
方法：首先，我们根据初步搜索定义了吸入性肺炎.然后我们搜索了关于MEDLINE和CINAHL的文献，重点研究涉及65岁及以上被诊断为吸入性肺炎的患者。所有设置都包括在内，除了重症监护室。出版日期仅限于2011年1月至2022年7月，语言为英语和日语。提取的数据用于完善由日本吸入性肺炎专业团队间教育计划（JAPEP）制定的初步能力框架，以准备本研究。
结果：纳入了九十九项研究。从这些研究中提取数据后，3个能力被重命名，并增加了3个新的能力，创建12项能力的列表。这些是诊断，治疗,燕子评估，基本条件管理，营养,口头管理,康复,多学科团队,决策,预防,预后,和姑息治疗。
结论：我们的范围审查确定了治疗老年吸入性肺炎所需的12项临床能力，在短语“诊断”中概述，治疗和支持。我们鼓励医疗保健专业人员作为一个团队分享这些能力，以确定未满足的需求领域并改善他们的患者护理，强调支持性护理。
