Abstract：
The tailings ponds (TPS) stemming from mineral resource exploitation are becoming a global challenge due to their high hazards and pollution to the surrounding area. However, previous studies on China\'s tailings ponds have either focused on a single or few areas, or the number of tailings ponds varies greatly. A systematic assessment of the number, distribution characteristics, potential risks and management strategies of the tailings pond in China is lacking. This study obtained the latest list of tailings ponds in China up to the end of 2022 based on official information and assessed their spatial distribution characteristics, environmental risk and management strategies simultaneously. The results demonstrated that the distribution of TPS in China is relatively clustered and multiple factors affected the spatial distribution of TPS in China, which were concentrated in areas with low economic and population density, convenient transportation, and a developed water system. The risk assessment suggested that 1803 TPS had large or significant environmental risks, which were mainly distributed in Yunnan, Hunan, Shaanxi and Jiangxi provinces. To solve the problem of tailings ponds from the source, the key point of tailings pond management in China should be adjusted from the prevention of pollution or dam break accidents to the full resource utilization of tailings. In summary, this study will provide a scientific basis for the risk control of TPS and an innovative idea for the management of other solid waste.
摘要：
源自矿产资源开发的尾矿池（TPS）由于其对周边地区的高危害和污染而成为全球挑战。然而,以前对中国尾矿库的研究要么集中在单个领域，要么集中在少数几个领域，或者尾矿池的数量变化很大。对数字进行系统的评估，分布特征，我国尾矿库存在的潜在风险和管理策略不足。本研究根据官方信息获得了截至2022年底中国尾矿库的最新名单，并评估了其空间分布特征，环境风险和管理策略同时进行。结果表明,我国TPS的分布呈相对聚集性,多因素影响着我国TPS的空间分布,集中在经济和人口密度低的地区，交通便利,和发达的水系统。风险评估表明，1803TPS具有较大或重大的环境风险，主要分布在云南，湖南,陕西和江西两省。从源头上解决尾矿库问题,我国尾矿库管理的重点应从防止污染或溃坝事故调整到尾矿的充分资源化利用。总之,本研究将为TPS的风险控制提供科学依据，为其他固体废物的管理提供创新思路。
