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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Although an association between maternal nutritional intake and developmental delays in children has been demonstrated, the association of the timing of meal intake and development delays remains unclear. We examined the association between breakfast intake frequency before and during pregnancy and developmental delay in children.
METHODS: Of the pregnant women who participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Three-Generation Cohort Study, 7491 answered the required questions and were analyzed. The frequency of breakfast intake from pre- to early pregnancy and from early to mid-pregnancy was classified into four groups: daily, and 5-6, 3-4, and 0-2 times/week. Child developmental delays at age 2 and 3.5 years were assessed using the Ages & Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition. Logistic regression models were constructed to examine the association between breakfast intake frequency in pregnant women and developmental delays in children aged 2 and 3.5 years.
RESULTS: The proportion of pregnant women who had breakfast daily was 78.1% in pre- to early pregnancy, and 82.2% in early to mid-pregnancy. The proportion of children with developmental delays was 14.7% and 13.4% at age 2 and 3.5 years, respectively. Compared with the risk in children of women who had breakfast daily from pre- to early pregnancy, children of women who had breakfast 0-2 times/week had a higher risk of developmental delays at 2 years of age: odds ratio (OR) 1.30, (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.66). The risk of developmental delays at age 2 years increased in the children of women who had breakfast 0-2 times/week in early to mid- pregnancy: OR 1.75 (95% CI, 1.32-2.32). The risk of developmental delays at age 3.5 years did not increase in the children of women who had breakfast 0-2 times/week from pre- to early and early to mid-pregnancy: OR 1.06 (95% CI, 0.81-1.39 and OR 1.15 (95% CI 0.84-1.57), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: For women with a low frequency of breakfast intake from pre- to mid-pregnancy there was an association with developmental delays in their children at age 2, but not at 3.5 years.
METHODS: Of the pregnant women who participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Three-Generation Cohort Study, 7491 answered the required questions and were analyzed. The frequency of breakfast intake from pre- to early pregnancy and from early to mid-pregnancy was classified into four groups: daily, and 5-6, 3-4, and 0-2 times/week. Child developmental delays at age 2 and 3.5 years were assessed using the Ages & Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition. Logistic regression models were constructed to examine the association between breakfast intake frequency in pregnant women and developmental delays in children aged 2 and 3.5 years.
RESULTS: The proportion of pregnant women who had breakfast daily was 78.1% in pre- to early pregnancy, and 82.2% in early to mid-pregnancy. The proportion of children with developmental delays was 14.7% and 13.4% at age 2 and 3.5 years, respectively. Compared with the risk in children of women who had breakfast daily from pre- to early pregnancy, children of women who had breakfast 0-2 times/week had a higher risk of developmental delays at 2 years of age: odds ratio (OR) 1.30, (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.66). The risk of developmental delays at age 2 years increased in the children of women who had breakfast 0-2 times/week in early to mid- pregnancy: OR 1.75 (95% CI, 1.32-2.32). The risk of developmental delays at age 3.5 years did not increase in the children of women who had breakfast 0-2 times/week from pre- to early and early to mid-pregnancy: OR 1.06 (95% CI, 0.81-1.39 and OR 1.15 (95% CI 0.84-1.57), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: For women with a low frequency of breakfast intake from pre- to mid-pregnancy there was an association with developmental delays in their children at age 2, but not at 3.5 years.
摘要：
背景：尽管已经证明了母亲营养摄入与儿童发育迟缓之间的关联，进餐时间与发育延迟之间的关联尚不清楚.我们研究了怀孕前和怀孕期间早餐摄入频率与儿童发育迟缓之间的关系。
方法：在参加东北医疗超级银行项目三代队列研究的孕妇中，7491回答了所需的问题并进行了分析。从怀孕前到怀孕早期和怀孕早期到中期的早餐摄入频率分为四组：每天，5-6、3-4和0-2次/周。使用年龄和阶段问卷评估2岁和3.5岁的儿童发育迟缓，第三版。建立Logistic回归模型，以检查孕妇早餐摄入频率与2岁和3.5岁儿童发育迟缓之间的关系。
结果：孕前至孕早期每天吃早餐的孕妇比例为78.1%，妊娠早期至中期为82.2%。2岁和3.5岁时发育迟缓的儿童比例分别为14.7%和13.4%，分别。与从孕前到孕早期每天吃早餐的妇女的孩子的风险相比，每周吃早餐0-2次的妇女的子女在2岁时发育迟缓的风险较高：比值比（OR）1.30，（95％置信区间[CI]，1.02-1.66)。在孕早期至中期每周吃早餐0-2次的妇女的孩子中，2岁时发育迟缓的风险增加：OR1.75（95％CI，1.32-2.32）。从孕前到孕早期和孕早期到中期每周吃早餐0-2次的妇女的子女在3.5岁时发育迟缓的风险没有增加：OR1.06（95％CI，0.81-1.39和OR1.15（95％CI0.84-1.57），分别。
结论：对于从孕前到中期早餐摄入频率较低的女性，其子女在2岁时发育迟缓有关联，但在3.5岁时没有关联。
方法：在参加东北医疗超级银行项目三代队列研究的孕妇中，7491回答了所需的问题并进行了分析。从怀孕前到怀孕早期和怀孕早期到中期的早餐摄入频率分为四组：每天，5-6、3-4和0-2次/周。使用年龄和阶段问卷评估2岁和3.5岁的儿童发育迟缓，第三版。建立Logistic回归模型，以检查孕妇早餐摄入频率与2岁和3.5岁儿童发育迟缓之间的关系。
结果：孕前至孕早期每天吃早餐的孕妇比例为78.1%，妊娠早期至中期为82.2%。2岁和3.5岁时发育迟缓的儿童比例分别为14.7%和13.4%，分别。与从孕前到孕早期每天吃早餐的妇女的孩子的风险相比，每周吃早餐0-2次的妇女的子女在2岁时发育迟缓的风险较高：比值比（OR）1.30，（95％置信区间[CI]，1.02-1.66)。在孕早期至中期每周吃早餐0-2次的妇女的孩子中，2岁时发育迟缓的风险增加：OR1.75（95％CI，1.32-2.32）。从孕前到孕早期和孕早期到中期每周吃早餐0-2次的妇女的子女在3.5岁时发育迟缓的风险没有增加：OR1.06（95％CI，0.81-1.39和OR1.15（95％CI0.84-1.57），分别。
结论：对于从孕前到中期早餐摄入频率较低的女性，其子女在2岁时发育迟缓有关联，但在3.5岁时没有关联。
