PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Park greenery represents an oasis for urban residents; however, during the flowering period of trees that produce allergenic pollen grains, these areas threaten individuals suffering from seasonal allergic respiratory diseases. In this study, we evaluated the temporal distribution of the allergenic potential of three most important urban parks in Bratislava over the vegetation period, using a modification of the Urban Green Zone Allergenicity Index (IUGZA) and Individual-Specific Allergenic Potential Index (IISA) designed as a running index - rIUGZA and rIISA. We found that rIUGZA gives better information for park management and revitalization, since it considers the potential size of woody plants, while rIISA, considering the actual size of the vegetation, provides more relevant information for pollen-allergy sufferers. Based on rIISA, the allergenic potential was highest in May for the Grassalkovich Garden (formal baroque garden) and Janko Kráľ Park (English landscape park) and in April for the Medic Garden (repurposed baroque garden). We also found differences in the duration of the period of increased allergenic potential in these parks, ranging from 1 to 3 months. Based on the total annual sums of rIISA, we found the highest allergenic potential in the Medic Garden and lowest in the Janko Kráľ Park. This variance is caused mainly by the different density of trees and percentage of allergenic species. The biggest contributors to the allergenic potential were Platanus, Acer and Tilia. Based on the information on temporal variation of the allergenic potential during the vegetation period provided by the running indices, it is possible to improve the planning of park revitalization based on the flowering period of allergenic species and provide better information to the pollen-allergy sufferers for minimizing the allergenic effect of urban green areas on their health during a particular month.
摘要：
公园绿化代表了城市居民的绿洲；然而，在产生过敏花粉粒的树木开花期间，这些地区威胁着患有季节性过敏性呼吸道疾病的人。在这项研究中,我们评估了布拉迪斯拉发三个最重要的城市公园在植被期间的过敏潜力的时间分布，使用城市绿地致敏性指数（IUGZA）和个体特异性致敏性指数（IISA）的修改，设计为运行指数-rIUGZA和rIISA。我们发现RIUGZA为公园管理和振兴提供了更好的信息，因为它考虑了木本植物的潜在大小，而riisa,考虑到植被的实际大小，为花粉过敏患者提供更多相关信息。根据RIISA,Grassalkovich花园（正式的巴洛克花园）和JankoKrácPark（英国景观公园）的过敏潜力在5月最高，而在4月，Medic花园（重新利用的巴洛克花园）的过敏潜力最高。我们还发现，在这些公园中，过敏潜力增加的持续时间存在差异，从1到3个月不等。根据RIISA的年度总额，我们发现在医疗花园中过敏的可能性最高，在JankoKrá公园中最低。这种差异主要是由于树木的密度和致敏性物种的百分比不同而引起的。潜在过敏的最大贡献者是悬铃木，宏碁和Tilia.根据运行指数提供的植被期间过敏潜力的时间变化信息，有可能根据过敏物种的开花期改善公园振兴计划，并为花粉过敏患者提供更好的信息，以最大程度地减少城市绿地在特定月份对其健康的过敏影响。
