PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
South American camelids (SACs) play an increasing role in veterinary care in Europe. Many alpacas or llamas presented to veterinarians suffer from anaemia, regularly with a packed cell volume (PCV) below 0.10 l/l, which is a life-threatening condition for the animals. This review article presents clinical and laboratory diagnostic tools for the diagnosis of anaemia in SACs. Clinical identification of anaemic animals can be performed by assessing the FAMACHA© score and the Body Condition Score (BCS), since anaemia in alpacas and llamas correlates with pale mucous membranes and a lowered BCS. Haematological examination of a blood sample can provide a more differentiated diagnosis of anaemia in SACs. A common finding is regenerative anaemia with an increased number of reticulocytes that is often caused by blood loss due to Haemonchus contortus. Changes in a blood smear from an alpaca or llama with regenerative anaemia may include normoblasts (nucleated red blood cells), anisocytosis, poikilocytosis, polychromasia, Howell-Jolly bodies or basophilic stippling. Furthermore, non-regenerative anaemia, often caused by trace element deficiency or cachexia, can also occur.
摘要：
南美骆驼科动物（SAC）在欧洲的兽医护理中发挥着越来越重要的作用。向兽医赠送的许多羊驼或美洲驼患有贫血，定期使用低于0.10l/l的细胞体积（PCV），这对动物来说是一种威胁生命的状况。本文介绍了用于诊断SAC中贫血的临床和实验室诊断工具。贫血动物的临床鉴定可以通过评估FAMACHA®评分和身体状况评分（BCS）来进行。由于羊驼和美洲驼的贫血与粘膜苍白和BCS降低有关。血液样本的血液学检查可以提供SAC中贫血的更有区别的诊断。一个常见的发现是再生性贫血，网织红细胞数量增加，这通常是由扭动血杆菌引起的失血引起的。再生性贫血的羊驼或美洲驼的血涂片变化可能包括正常母细胞（有核红细胞），异细胞增多症,polikilocytosis,多色,Howell-Jolly身体或嗜碱性点画。此外，非再生性贫血,通常由微量元素缺乏或恶病质引起，也可能发生。
