PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Energetic and nutritional requirements play a crucial role in shaping the immune cells that infiltrate tumor and parasite infection sites. The dynamic interaction between immune cells and the microenvironment, whether in the context of tumor or helminth infection, is essential for understanding the mechanisms of immunological polarization and developing strategies to manipulate them in order to promote a functional and efficient immune response that could aid in the treatment of these conditions. In this review, we present an overview of the immune response triggered during tumorigenesis and establishment of helminth infections, highlighting the transition to chronicity in both cases. We discuss the energetic demands of immune cells under normal conditions and in the presence of tumors and helminths. Additionally, we compare the metabolic changes that occur in the tumor microenvironment and the infection site, emphasizing the alterations that are induced to redirect the immune response, thereby promoting the survival of cancer cells or helminths. This emerging discipline provides valuable insights into disease pathogenesis. We also provide examples of novel strategies to enhance immune activity by targeting metabolic pathways that shape immune phenotypes, with the aim of achieving positive outcomes in cancer and helminth infections.
摘要：
能量和营养需求在塑造渗透到肿瘤和寄生虫感染部位的免疫细胞中起着至关重要的作用。免疫细胞和微环境之间的动态相互作用，无论是在肿瘤还是蠕虫感染的情况下，对于理解免疫极化的机制和制定策略来操纵它们以促进可以帮助治疗这些疾病的功能性和有效的免疫反应至关重要。在这次审查中,我们概述了在肿瘤发生和蠕虫感染建立过程中引发的免疫反应，在这两种情况下都突出了向慢性病的过渡。我们讨论了在正常条件下以及存在肿瘤和蠕虫的情况下免疫细胞的能量需求。此外,我们比较了肿瘤微环境和感染部位发生的代谢变化，强调诱导的改变重新定向免疫反应，从而促进癌细胞或蠕虫的存活。这一新兴学科为疾病发病机理提供了宝贵的见解。我们还提供了通过靶向塑造免疫表型的代谢途径来增强免疫活性的新策略的例子，目的是在癌症和蠕虫感染中取得积极成果。
