PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: There is paucity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) data among student populations although Ghana is HBV endemic. Screening and identification of factors associated with HBV transmission in schools will support the intervention in the elimination of the virus by 2030. This study assessed the seroprevalence and factors associated with HBV among students in two Senior High Schools in the Krachi Nchumuru District in Ghana.
METHODS: Through cross-sectional design and simple random sampling technique, 300 first-year students were enrolled from selected Senior High Schools. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data on demographic and exposure factors while rapid test kit was used to detect HBV infections. Chi-square/Fisher exact test and multivariable logistic regression were performed to determine the association between the variables at a 95% confidence interval and 0.05 significant level.
RESULTS: Seroprevalence of HBV was 14% (42/300) among the students. The prevalence was significantly (p = 0.001) higher in males 19.4% (34/175) than females 6.4% (8/125). 77.7% (233/300) were aware of HBV infection. Males who were circumcised were 4 times more likely to be infected with HBV (AOR = 4.09, 95%CI = 1.82-9.19) (p = 0.001) compared with those uncircumcised.
CONCLUSIONS: HBV screening and education on hygienic genital circumcision practices must be prioritized in endemic countries.
METHODS: Through cross-sectional design and simple random sampling technique, 300 first-year students were enrolled from selected Senior High Schools. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data on demographic and exposure factors while rapid test kit was used to detect HBV infections. Chi-square/Fisher exact test and multivariable logistic regression were performed to determine the association between the variables at a 95% confidence interval and 0.05 significant level.
RESULTS: Seroprevalence of HBV was 14% (42/300) among the students. The prevalence was significantly (p = 0.001) higher in males 19.4% (34/175) than females 6.4% (8/125). 77.7% (233/300) were aware of HBV infection. Males who were circumcised were 4 times more likely to be infected with HBV (AOR = 4.09, 95%CI = 1.82-9.19) (p = 0.001) compared with those uncircumcised.
CONCLUSIONS: HBV screening and education on hygienic genital circumcision practices must be prioritized in endemic countries.
摘要：
背景：尽管加纳是HBV地方病，但学生人群中乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）数据很少。筛查和识别与学校HBV传播相关的因素将支持到2030年消除病毒的干预措施。这项研究评估了加纳KrachiNchumuru区两所高中学生的血清阳性率和与HBV相关的因素。
方法：通过横断面设计和简单随机抽样技术，300名一年级学生从选定的高中入学。结构化问卷用于收集人口统计学和暴露因素的数据，而快速检测试剂盒用于检测HBV感染。进行卡方/Fisher精确检验和多变量逻辑回归，以95％置信区间和0.05显着水平确定变量之间的关联。
结果：HBV的血清阳性率为14％（42/300）的学生。男性的患病率（p=0.001）为19.4％（34/175），高于女性6.4％（8/125）。77.7％（233/300）知道HBV感染。与未进行包皮环切术的男性相比，接受包皮环切术的男性感染HBV的可能性要高4倍（AOR=4.09，95CI=1.82-9.19）（p=0.001）。
结论：在流行国家，必须优先考虑HBV筛查和卫生生殖器包皮环切术的教育。
方法：通过横断面设计和简单随机抽样技术，300名一年级学生从选定的高中入学。结构化问卷用于收集人口统计学和暴露因素的数据，而快速检测试剂盒用于检测HBV感染。进行卡方/Fisher精确检验和多变量逻辑回归，以95％置信区间和0.05显着水平确定变量之间的关联。
结果：HBV的血清阳性率为14％（42/300）的学生。男性的患病率（p=0.001）为19.4％（34/175），高于女性6.4％（8/125）。77.7％（233/300）知道HBV感染。与未进行包皮环切术的男性相比，接受包皮环切术的男性感染HBV的可能性要高4倍（AOR=4.09，95CI=1.82-9.19）（p=0.001）。
结论：在流行国家，必须优先考虑HBV筛查和卫生生殖器包皮环切术的教育。
