PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Brucellosis is a commonly neglected zoonosis that remains a serious global public health concern. The epidemiological evolution of human brucellosis has considerably changed over the past few decades, and epidemic geography is continuously expanding. Human brucellosis is emerging and re-emerging, and is imported from areas where it is endemic due to travel, immigration, and international trade. The disease continues to be prevalent in Asia and Africa, including West Asia, Central Asia, North Africa, and East Africa, with the highest incidence in Syria, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Iran, Algeria, and Kenya. Re-emerging cases are frequently recorded in places where brucellosis has been controlled, such as Bosnia, Herzegovina, Azerbaijan, and the USA. In countries with a high disease burden, disease control and eradication have been extremely difficult because of livestock farming being the only source of livelihood, unique religious beliefs regarding animals, nomadic lifestyle, and low socioeconomic levels. Interventions focused on protecting livestock keepers are needed, particularly for those assisting with goat and sheep births and the consumption of raw dairy products. Notably, in most countries with a high disease burden, each period of several years with a low incidence rate was followed by a subsequent increase in cases, highlighting the necessity of continuous investment and surveillance. In addition, advocacy for the inclusion of brucellosis as a globally mandated reported disease, strict restrictions on animal movement, mandated consumption of pasteurized milk, and health education are needed. This study will help form an evidence-based strategy for international organizations to curb the future spread of brucellosis.
摘要：
布鲁氏菌病是一种通常被忽视的人畜共患病，但仍然是全球严重的公共卫生问题。在过去的几十年中，人类布鲁氏菌病的流行病学演变发生了很大变化，疫情地理不断扩大。人类布鲁氏菌病越来越多地出现和重新出现，从因旅行而流行的地区进口，移民,和国际贸易。这种疾病在亚洲和非洲继续猖獗,包括西亚,中亚,北非,东非,在叙利亚发生率最高，吉尔吉斯斯坦,蒙古,伊朗,阿尔及利亚,肯尼亚。在布鲁氏菌病已得到控制的地方，经常记录重新出现的病例，比如波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那，阿塞拜疆,和美国。在疾病负担较高的国家,由于畜牧业是唯一的生计来源，控制和根除这种疾病极其困难，关于动物的独特宗教信仰，游牧的生活方式,低社会经济水平。需要采取以保护牲畜饲养者为重点的干预措施,特别是那些帮助山羊和绵羊出生和食用生乳制品的人。令人震惊的是，在大多数疾病负担较高的国家，发病率低的每几年都伴随着病例的增加，强调持续的投资和监督是必要的。此外,倡导将布鲁氏菌病列为全球强制报告的疾病，严格限制动物活动,强制食用巴氏杀菌牛奶，需要健康教育。本研究将有助于为国际组织制定基于证据的策略，以遏制布鲁氏菌病的未来传播。
