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Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: provision of adequate sanitation is among the common strategies of preventing sanitation-related diseases. However, provision of sanitation facilities may only be a sustainable solution if the population´s behavior changes and positive perception is embraced. This paper highlights the influence of social factors on adoption of sanitation practices.
UNASSIGNED: convergent mixed methods design was employed. Quantitative data was gathered using structured questionnaires from 100 household heads selected using cluster and simple random techniques. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore factors that influenced adoption of sanitation practices. Qualitative data was gathered from a purposively selected focus group and analyzed thematically.
UNASSIGNED: many (57%) of the participants were males. The average age for participants was 39 years, standard deviation (SD)=0.20. From the multivariable regression analysis with adjusted odds, household heads being aged 18-33 years (OR 1.76, 95% CI: 0.62-3.02, p=0.015) and safety of latrines (OR 1.72, 95% CI: 0.70-5.15, p<0.001) was associated with increased open defecation chances; whereas being a female (OR 0.16 95% CI: 0.06-1.81, P=0.01), availability of open spaces near households (OR 0.12, 95% CI: 0.05-1.13, p=0.30), and mason skills (OR 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13-1.65) were associated with reduced likelihood of open defecation practices. Further, being a female (OR 1.06, 95% CI: 0.18-3.16, p=0.043), having knowledge on safe sanitation (OR 1.01, 95% CI: 0.74-3.08, p=0.02), engaging skilled masons for toilet construction (OR 1.299, 95% CI: 1.01-8.95, p=0.005) and financial stability (OR 1.95, 95% CI: 0.98-23.40, P=0.032<0.001) were positively associated with adoption of improved toilets.
UNASSIGNED: the sanitation status in the study area was mainly poor due to the influence of multiple factors like gender, absence of toilets, knowledge on safe sanitation, poverty, mason skills and toilet location in relation to safety. The findings showed the need for innovative planning approaches based on the social aspects of communities for progress in sanitation standards in rural areas. Such approaches should adhere to the sanitation hardware versus software components of communities to promote active utilization of the available toilets, construction of improved toilets and reduction of open defecation.
UNASSIGNED: convergent mixed methods design was employed. Quantitative data was gathered using structured questionnaires from 100 household heads selected using cluster and simple random techniques. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore factors that influenced adoption of sanitation practices. Qualitative data was gathered from a purposively selected focus group and analyzed thematically.
UNASSIGNED: many (57%) of the participants were males. The average age for participants was 39 years, standard deviation (SD)=0.20. From the multivariable regression analysis with adjusted odds, household heads being aged 18-33 years (OR 1.76, 95% CI: 0.62-3.02, p=0.015) and safety of latrines (OR 1.72, 95% CI: 0.70-5.15, p<0.001) was associated with increased open defecation chances; whereas being a female (OR 0.16 95% CI: 0.06-1.81, P=0.01), availability of open spaces near households (OR 0.12, 95% CI: 0.05-1.13, p=0.30), and mason skills (OR 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13-1.65) were associated with reduced likelihood of open defecation practices. Further, being a female (OR 1.06, 95% CI: 0.18-3.16, p=0.043), having knowledge on safe sanitation (OR 1.01, 95% CI: 0.74-3.08, p=0.02), engaging skilled masons for toilet construction (OR 1.299, 95% CI: 1.01-8.95, p=0.005) and financial stability (OR 1.95, 95% CI: 0.98-23.40, P=0.032<0.001) were positively associated with adoption of improved toilets.
UNASSIGNED: the sanitation status in the study area was mainly poor due to the influence of multiple factors like gender, absence of toilets, knowledge on safe sanitation, poverty, mason skills and toilet location in relation to safety. The findings showed the need for innovative planning approaches based on the social aspects of communities for progress in sanitation standards in rural areas. Such approaches should adhere to the sanitation hardware versus software components of communities to promote active utilization of the available toilets, construction of improved toilets and reduction of open defecation.
摘要：
■提供适当的卫生设施是预防与卫生设施有关的疾病的共同策略之一。然而,如果人们的行为发生变化并接受积极的看法，则提供卫生设施可能是可持续的解决方案。本文重点介绍了社会因素对采用卫生设施的影响。
■采用收敛混合方法设计。定量数据是使用结构化问卷从使用聚类和简单随机技术选择的100个户主中收集的。进行Logistic回归分析，以探讨影响采用卫生习惯的因素。定性数据是从有目的地选择的焦点小组收集的，并进行主题分析。
■许多（57％）的参与者是男性。参与者的平均年龄为39岁，标准偏差(SD)=0.20。从具有调整后赔率的多元回归分析中，户主年龄在18-33岁（OR1.76，95％CI：0.62-3.02，p=0.015）和厕所的安全性（OR1.72，95％CI：0.70-5.15，p<0.001）与增加露天排便机会相关；而女性（OR0.1695％CI：0.06-1.81，P=0.01），家庭附近开放空间的可用性(OR0.12，95%CI：0.05-1.13，p=0.30)，和梅森技能(OR0.29,95%CI:0.13-1.65)与开放式排便的可能性降低相关.Further,女性（OR1.06，95%CI：0.18-3.16，p=0.043），具有安全卫生知识(OR1.01，95%CI：0.74-3.08，p=0.02)，让熟练的泥瓦匠参与厕所建设(OR1.299,95%CI:1.01-8.95,p=0.005)和财务稳定性(OR1.95,95%CI:0.98-23.40,P=0.032<0.001)与采用改良厕所呈正相关.
■由于性别等多种因素的影响，研究区域的卫生状况主要较差，没有厕所,安全卫生知识，贫穷,与安全有关的梅森技能和厕所位置。调查结果表明，需要基于社区社会方面的创新规划方法，以提高农村地区的卫生标准。这种方法应坚持社区的卫生硬件与软件组成部分，以促进积极利用现有厕所，改善厕所建设，减少露天排便。
■采用收敛混合方法设计。定量数据是使用结构化问卷从使用聚类和简单随机技术选择的100个户主中收集的。进行Logistic回归分析，以探讨影响采用卫生习惯的因素。定性数据是从有目的地选择的焦点小组收集的，并进行主题分析。
■许多（57％）的参与者是男性。参与者的平均年龄为39岁，标准偏差(SD)=0.20。从具有调整后赔率的多元回归分析中，户主年龄在18-33岁（OR1.76，95％CI：0.62-3.02，p=0.015）和厕所的安全性（OR1.72，95％CI：0.70-5.15，p<0.001）与增加露天排便机会相关；而女性（OR0.1695％CI：0.06-1.81，P=0.01），家庭附近开放空间的可用性(OR0.12，95%CI：0.05-1.13，p=0.30)，和梅森技能(OR0.29,95%CI:0.13-1.65)与开放式排便的可能性降低相关.Further,女性（OR1.06，95%CI：0.18-3.16，p=0.043），具有安全卫生知识(OR1.01，95%CI：0.74-3.08，p=0.02)，让熟练的泥瓦匠参与厕所建设(OR1.299,95%CI:1.01-8.95,p=0.005)和财务稳定性(OR1.95,95%CI:0.98-23.40,P=0.032<0.001)与采用改良厕所呈正相关.
■由于性别等多种因素的影响，研究区域的卫生状况主要较差，没有厕所,安全卫生知识，贫穷,与安全有关的梅森技能和厕所位置。调查结果表明，需要基于社区社会方面的创新规划方法，以提高农村地区的卫生标准。这种方法应坚持社区的卫生硬件与软件组成部分，以促进积极利用现有厕所，改善厕所建设，减少露天排便。
