PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Structural racism is how society maintains and promotes racial hierarchy and discrimination through established and interconnected systems. Structural racism is theorized to promote alcohol and tobacco use, which are risk factors for adverse health and cancer-health outcomes. The current study assesses the association between measures of state-level structural racism and alcohol and tobacco use among a national sample of 1,946 Black Americans.
An existing composite index of state-level structural racism including five dimensions (subscales; i.e., residential segregation and employment, economic, incarceration, and educational inequities) was merged with individual-level data from a national sample dataset. Hierarchical linear and logistic regression models, accounting for participant clustering at the state level, assessed associations between structural racism and frequency of alcohol use, frequency of binge drinking, smoking status, and smoking frequency. Two models were estimated for each behavioral outcome, one using the composite structural racism index and one modeling dimensions of structural racism in lieu of the composite measure, each controlling for individual-level covariates.
Results indicated positive associations between the incarceration dimension of the structural racism index and binge drinking frequency, smoking status, and smoking frequency. An inverse association was detected between the education dimension and smoking status.
Results suggest that state-level structural racism expressed in incarceration disparities, is positively associated with alcohol and tobacco use among Black Americans.
Addressing structural racism, particularly in incarceration practices, through multilevel policy and intervention may help to reduce population-wide alcohol and tobacco use behaviors and improve the health outcomes of Black populations.
An existing composite index of state-level structural racism including five dimensions (subscales; i.e., residential segregation and employment, economic, incarceration, and educational inequities) was merged with individual-level data from a national sample dataset. Hierarchical linear and logistic regression models, accounting for participant clustering at the state level, assessed associations between structural racism and frequency of alcohol use, frequency of binge drinking, smoking status, and smoking frequency. Two models were estimated for each behavioral outcome, one using the composite structural racism index and one modeling dimensions of structural racism in lieu of the composite measure, each controlling for individual-level covariates.
Results indicated positive associations between the incarceration dimension of the structural racism index and binge drinking frequency, smoking status, and smoking frequency. An inverse association was detected between the education dimension and smoking status.
Results suggest that state-level structural racism expressed in incarceration disparities, is positively associated with alcohol and tobacco use among Black Americans.
Addressing structural racism, particularly in incarceration practices, through multilevel policy and intervention may help to reduce population-wide alcohol and tobacco use behaviors and improve the health outcomes of Black populations.
摘要：
背景：结构性种族主义是社会如何通过既定和相互联系的系统来维持和促进种族等级制度和歧视。从理论上讲，结构性种族主义是为了促进酒精和烟草的使用，这是不良健康和癌症健康结果的危险因素。当前的研究评估了1,946名美国黑人的全国样本中，州级结构性种族主义与酒精和烟草使用之间的关联。
方法：现有的州级结构种族主义综合指数，包括五个维度（子尺度；即居住隔离和就业，经济,监禁,和教育不平等)与来自国家样本数据集的个人层面数据合并。分层线性和逻辑回归模型，考虑到州一级的参与者聚集，评估结构性种族主义与饮酒频率之间的关联，暴饮暴食的频率，吸烟状况,吸烟频率。每个行为结果估计了两个模型，一个使用复合结构种族主义指数和一个建模维度的结构种族主义代替复合测度，每个控制个体水平的协变量。
结果：结果表明，结构性种族主义指数的监禁维度与暴饮暴食频率之间存在正相关，吸烟状况,吸烟频率。在教育维度和吸烟状况之间检测到负相关。
结论：结果表明，州级结构性种族主义在监禁差异中表达，与美国黑人的酒精和烟草使用呈正相关。
结论：解决结构性种族主义，特别是在监禁实践中，通过多层次的政策和干预可能有助于减少全人群的烟酒使用行为，改善黑人人群的健康结果。
方法：现有的州级结构种族主义综合指数，包括五个维度（子尺度；即居住隔离和就业，经济,监禁,和教育不平等)与来自国家样本数据集的个人层面数据合并。分层线性和逻辑回归模型，考虑到州一级的参与者聚集，评估结构性种族主义与饮酒频率之间的关联，暴饮暴食的频率，吸烟状况,吸烟频率。每个行为结果估计了两个模型，一个使用复合结构种族主义指数和一个建模维度的结构种族主义代替复合测度，每个控制个体水平的协变量。
结果：结果表明，结构性种族主义指数的监禁维度与暴饮暴食频率之间存在正相关，吸烟状况,吸烟频率。在教育维度和吸烟状况之间检测到负相关。
结论：结果表明，州级结构性种族主义在监禁差异中表达，与美国黑人的酒精和烟草使用呈正相关。
结论：解决结构性种族主义，特别是在监禁实践中，通过多层次的政策和干预可能有助于减少全人群的烟酒使用行为，改善黑人人群的健康结果。
