PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract influences gut health, which in turn strongly impacts the general health and productivity of laying hens. It is essential to characterise the composition and temporal development of the gut microbiota in healthy layers raised under different management systems, to understand the variations in typical healthy microbiota structure, so that deviations from this might be recognised and correlated with production and health issues when they arise. The present investigation aimed to study the temporal development and phylogenetic composition of the gut microbiota of four commercially raised layer flocks from hatch to end of the production cycle. Non-intrusive faecal sampling was undertaken as a proxy to represent the gut microbiota. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons was used to characterise the microbiota. Beta diversity analysis indicated that each faecal microbiota was different across the four flocks and had subtly different temporal development patterns. Despite these inter-flock differences, common patterns of microbiota development were identified. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were dominant at an early age in all flocks. The microbiota developed gradually during the rearing phase; richness and diversity increased after 42 d of age and then underwent significant changes in composition after the shift to the production farms, with Bacteroidota becoming more dominant in older birds. By developing a more profound knowledge of normal microbiota development in layers, opportunities to harness the microbiota to aid in the management of layer gut health and productivity may be more clearly seen and realised.
摘要：
胃肠道的微生物群影响肠道健康，这反过来又强烈影响蛋鸡的总体健康和生产力。在不同的管理系统下培养的健康层中，必须表征肠道微生物群的组成和时间发展，为了了解典型健康微生物群结构的变化，因此，在生产和健康问题出现时，可能会认识到与之相关的偏差。本研究旨在研究从孵化到生产周期结束的四个商业饲养的层羊群的肠道微生物群的时间发育和系统发育组成。进行非侵入性粪便采样作为代表肠道微生物群的代表。16SrRNA基因扩增子的测序用于表征微生物群。Beta多样性分析表明，每个粪便微生物群在四个羊群中都不同，并且具有微妙的时间发育模式。尽管羊群之间存在这些差异，确定了微生物群发育的常见模式。在所有羊群中，厚壁菌和变形杆菌在早期占主导地位。在饲养阶段微生物群逐渐发展；42d后，丰富度和多样性增加，然后转移到生产农场后，组成发生了显着变化。在老年鸟类中，拟杆菌越来越占主导地位。通过对分层中正常微生物群发育的更深入的了解，利用微生物群帮助管理肠道健康和生产力的机会可能会更清楚地看到和实现。
