Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Driver death rates per million registered vehicles are often used to compare the real-world crash experiences of vehicles of different types and sizes. However, these rates are affected by the risky behavior of drivers (e.g., speeding, impaired driving, lack of restraint use) that differs by age and gender. This paper presents a method for adjusting driver death rates to account for differences in driver age and gender.
UNASSIGNED: Driver death rates per million registered vehicles per year were calculated for passenger vehicles of model year 2020. To account for potential differences in driver exposure by age and gender, which can affect motor vehicle crash and injury experience, an algebraic method was used to standardize these rates to a common distribution of female drivers ages 25-64. The standardization depends upon an independent estimate of the relative fatality risk for female drivers ages 25-64.
UNASSIGNED: The smallest vehicles tended to have higher driver death rates compared with larger vehicles. However, for sports cars, this trend was reversed; larger sports cars had higher driver death rates. Vehicle types popular with male drivers, such as sports cars and pickups, had standardized death rates that were much lower than the raw rates.
UNASSIGNED: The adjustment for driver age and gender greatly reduced the variability of driver death rates among vehicle types. The procedure used here to adjust driver death rates for driver age and gender can be extended to any situation where it is desired to compare the crash rates of two or more subgroups of a population.
UNASSIGNED: Driver death rates per million registered vehicles per year were calculated for passenger vehicles of model year 2020. To account for potential differences in driver exposure by age and gender, which can affect motor vehicle crash and injury experience, an algebraic method was used to standardize these rates to a common distribution of female drivers ages 25-64. The standardization depends upon an independent estimate of the relative fatality risk for female drivers ages 25-64.
UNASSIGNED: The smallest vehicles tended to have higher driver death rates compared with larger vehicles. However, for sports cars, this trend was reversed; larger sports cars had higher driver death rates. Vehicle types popular with male drivers, such as sports cars and pickups, had standardized death rates that were much lower than the raw rates.
UNASSIGNED: The adjustment for driver age and gender greatly reduced the variability of driver death rates among vehicle types. The procedure used here to adjust driver death rates for driver age and gender can be extended to any situation where it is desired to compare the crash rates of two or more subgroups of a population.
摘要：
■每百万注册车辆的驾驶员死亡率通常用于比较不同类型和大小的车辆的真实碰撞体验。然而,这些费率受到驾驶员的危险行为的影响(例如，超速,驾驶受损,缺乏克制使用)，因年龄和性别而异。本文提出了一种调整驾驶员死亡率的方法，以考虑驾驶员年龄和性别的差异。
■计算了2020年款乘用车每年每百万注册车辆的驾驶员死亡率。考虑到驾驶员暴露的年龄和性别的潜在差异，会影响汽车碰撞和伤害体验，使用代数方法将这些费率标准化为25-64岁女性驾驶员的共同分布。标准化取决于对25-64岁女性驾驶员的相对死亡风险的独立估计。
■与大型车辆相比，最小的车辆往往具有更高的驾驶员死亡率。然而,对于跑车，这一趋势被扭转；更大的跑车有更高的司机死亡率。受男性司机欢迎的车辆类型，比如跑车和皮卡，标准化死亡率远低于原始死亡率。
■对驾驶员年龄和性别的调整大大降低了车辆类型之间驾驶员死亡率的变异性。这里用于调整驾驶员年龄和性别的驾驶员死亡率的程序可以扩展到希望比较人口的两个或更多个子组的撞车率的任何情况。
■计算了2020年款乘用车每年每百万注册车辆的驾驶员死亡率。考虑到驾驶员暴露的年龄和性别的潜在差异，会影响汽车碰撞和伤害体验，使用代数方法将这些费率标准化为25-64岁女性驾驶员的共同分布。标准化取决于对25-64岁女性驾驶员的相对死亡风险的独立估计。
■与大型车辆相比，最小的车辆往往具有更高的驾驶员死亡率。然而,对于跑车，这一趋势被扭转；更大的跑车有更高的司机死亡率。受男性司机欢迎的车辆类型，比如跑车和皮卡，标准化死亡率远低于原始死亡率。
■对驾驶员年龄和性别的调整大大降低了车辆类型之间驾驶员死亡率的变异性。这里用于调整驾驶员年龄和性别的驾驶员死亡率的程序可以扩展到希望比较人口的两个或更多个子组的撞车率的任何情况。
